The ABC of Photographic Sound Recording

Bibliographic Reference(s)

• Committee Reports: Report of the Journal Committee October, 1930 [Active]
• 1. PHOTOCELLS. EXTERNAL
• See also 49 and 53. EXTERNAL
• e Patterson J. C : “Use of Silica Gel in Air Conditioning,” , XXVII , 5 (Nov., 1936 ), p. 545 . EXTERNAL
• f Gitterman H : “A New Electrostatic Air Cleaner and Its Application to the Motion Picture Industry,” , XXXIX , 1 (July, 1942), p. 70 . EXTERNAL
• 21. CLEANLINESS AND CONTROL OF SOLUTIONS. EXTERNAL
• a Hickman K. C. D : “Washing Motion Picture Film,” Trans. Soc. Mot. Pict. Eng ., 23 (Oct., 1925 ), p. 62 . EXTERNAL
• b Crabtree J. I. Ross J. F : “A Method of Testing for the Presence of Sodium Thiosulfate in Motion Picture Films,” , XIV , 4 (April, 1930 ), p. 419 . EXTERNAL
• c Crabtree J. I. Matthews G. E : “Effect of the Water Supply in Processing Motion Picture Film,” , XVI , 4 (April, 1931 ), p. 437 . EXTERNAL
• d Crabtree J. I : “Uniformity in Photographic Development,” , XXV , 6 (Dec., 1935 ), p. 512 . EXTERNAL
• e Crabtree J. I : “Directional Effects in Continuous Film Processing,” XVIII , 2 (Feb., 1932 ), p. 207 ; and Crabtree, J. I., and Waddell, J. H.: “Directional Effects in Sound-Film Processing—II,” XXI, 5 (Nov., 1933), p. 351. EXTERNAL
• f Crabtree J. I. Ives C. E : “A Replenishing Solution for a Motion Picture Positive Film Developer,” , XV , 5 (Nov., 1930 ), p. 627 . EXTERNAL
• g Dundon M. L. Brown G. H. Capstaff J. G : “A Quick Test for Determining the Degree of Exhaustion of Developers,” , XIV , 4 (April, 1930 ), p. 389 . EXTERNAL
• 4. VARIABLE-AREA RECORDING. EXTERNAL
• h Crabtree J. I. Henn R. W : “Calcium Scums and Sludges in Photography,” , 43 , 6 (Dec., 1944 ), p. 426 . EXTERNAL
• See also 18, 25b, 39c. EXTERNAL
• 22. SHUTTERS. EXTERNAL
• a Kellogg E. W. Batsel C. N : “A Shutter for Use in Reduction of Ground-Noise,” , XVII , 2 (Aug., 1931 ), p. 203 . EXTERNAL
• b Baker J. O. Hasbrouck H. J. Batsel C. N : “Improved Noise-Reduction System for High-Fidelity Recording,” , XXIX , 3 (Sept., 1937 ), p. 310 . EXTERNAL
• See also 17a. EXTERNAL
• 23. MONITORING AND VOLUME INDICATORS. EXTERNAL
• a Dimmick G. L : “A New Dichroic Reflector and Its Application to Photocell Monitoring Systems,” , XXXVIII , 1 (Jan., 1942 ), p. 36 . EXTERNAL
• b Read S. Jr. : “RCA Victor High-Fidelity Film Recording Equipment,” XX , 5 (May, 1933 ), p. 396 . EXTERNAL
• c Read S. Jr. : “A Neon Type Volume Indicator,” XXVIII , 6 (June, 1937 ), p. 633 . EXTERNAL
• a Dimmick G. L. Belar H : “Extension of the Frequency Range of Film Recording and Reproduction,” , XIX , 5 (Nov., 1932 ), p. 401 . EXTERNAL
• d Kreuzer B : “Recent Improvements in the Variable-Width Recording System,” , XXVII , 5 (Nov., 1936 ), p. 562 . EXTERNAL
• See also 4b, 9d, and 14b. EXTERNAL
• 24. PHOTOGRAPHIC TONE VALUES. EXTERNAL
• a Hardy A. C : “The Rendering of Tone Values in the Photographic Recording of Sound,” Trans. Soc. Mot. Pict. Eng. , XI , 31 (Sept., 1927 ), p. 475 . EXTERNAL
• b Jones L. A : “On the Theory of Tone Reproduction, with a Graphic Method for the Solution of Problems,” , XVI , 5 (May, 1931 ), p. 568 . (Abridged.). EXTERNAL
• c Jones L. A : “On the Theory of Tone Reproduction, with a Graphic Method for the Solution of Problems,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. , 4 ( 1920 ), p. 420 ; also in J. Franklin Inst., 190 (1920), p. 39. (Unabridged.). EXTERNAL
• d Mees C. E. K : “Some Photographic Aspects of Sound Recording,” , XXIV , 4 (April, 1935 ), p. 285 . EXTERNAL
• e Schmidt R. Küster A : “Analysis of Sound Quality with the Variable-Density Recording Method from Sensitometric Data,” , XXI , 5 (Nov., 1933 ), p. 374 . EXTERNAL
• f MacKenzie D : “Straight-Line and Toe Records with the Light-Valve,” , XVII , 2 (Aug., 1931 ), p. 172 . EXTERNAL
• g Nicholson R. F : “The Processing of Variable-Density Sound Records,” , XV , 3 (Sept., 1930 ), p. 374 . EXTERNAL
• b Dimmick G. L : “The RCA Recording System and Its Adaptation to Various Types of Sound Track,” , XXIX , 3 (Sept., 1937 ), p. 258 . EXTERNAL
• See also 9, 14a, and 25. EXTERNAL
• 25. SENSITOMETRY. EXTERNAL
• a Jones L. A : “Photographic Sensitometry—Pt. I,” , XVII , 4 (Oct., 1931 ), p. 491;—Pt. II, XVII, 5 (Nov., 1931), p. 695;—Pt. III, XVIII, 1 (Jan., 1932), p. 54;—Pt. IV, XVIII, 3 (Mar., 1932), p. 324. EXTERNAL
• b Huse E : “Sensitometric Control in the Processing of Motion Picture Film in Hollywood,” , XXI , 1 (July, 1933 ), p. 54 . EXTERNAL
• c Shaner V. C : “A Note on the Processing of Eastman 1302 Fine-Grain Release Positive in Hollywood,” , XXXVIII , 1 (Jan., 1942 ), p. 66 . EXTERNAL
• d Jones L. A. Sandvik O : “Photographic Characteristics of Sound Recording Film,” , XIV , 2 (Feb., 1930 ), p. 180 . EXTERNAL
• e Chambers G. A. Wratten I. D : “The Eastman Type IIb Sensitometer as a Control Instrument in the Processing of Motion Picture Film,” , XXI , 3 (Sept., 1933 ), p. 218 . EXTERNAL
• f White D. R : “Two Special Sensitometers,” , XVIII , 3 (Mar., 1932 ), p. 279 . EXTERNAL
• See also 9, 10, 12b, c, and d, and 27. EXTERNAL
• 26. FILM CHARACTERISTICS. EXTERNAL
• c Sachtleben L. T : “Characteristics of Photophone Light-Modulating System,” , XXV , 2 (Aug., 1935 ), p. 175 . EXTERNAL
• a Eastman Kodak Company : “Motion Picture Films for Professional Use,” (Rochester, N. Y.), 1942 . EXTERNAL
• See also 12d, 25c and d, 31, and 41a. EXTERNAL
• 27. DRYING. EXTERNAL
• a White D. R : “Drying Conditions and Photographic Density,” , XIX , 4 (Oct., 1932 ), p. 340 . EXTERNAL
• 28. DENSITOMETERS. EXTERNAL
• a Tuttle C. Koerner A. M : “Standardization of Photographic Densitometry,” , XXIX , 6 (Dec., 1937 ), p. 622 . EXTERNAL
• b Frayne J. G : “The Measurement of Photographic Printing Density,” , XXXVI , 6 (June, 1941 ), p. 622 . EXTERNAL
• c Tuttle C. McFarlane J. W : “The Measurement of Density in Variable-Density Sound-Film,” , XV , 3 (Sept., 1930 ), p. 345 . EXTERNAL
• d White D. R : “A Direct-Reading Photoelectric Densitometer,” , XXXIII , 4 (Oct., 1939 ), p. 403 . EXTERNAL
• e Lindsay W. W. Jr. Wolfe W. V : “A Wide-Range, Linear-Scale Photoelectric Cell Densitometer,” , XXVIII , 6 (June, 1937 ), p. 622 . EXTERNAL
• d Batsel M. C. Kellogg E. W : “The RCA Sound Recording System,” , XXVIII , 5 (May, 1937 ), p. 507 . EXTERNAL
• f Tuttle C : “The Relation between Diffuse and Specular Density,” , XX , 3 (Mar., 1933 ), p. 228 . EXTERNAL
• g Eggert J. Kuester A : “Grain-Size Determination and Other Applications of the Callier Effect,” , XXX , 2 (Feb., 1938 ), p. 181 . EXTERNAL
• 29. ULTRAVIOLET RECORDING. EXTERNAL
• a Dimmick G. L : “Improved Resolution in Sound Recording and Printing by the Use of Ultraviolet Light,” XXVII , 2 (Aug., 1936 ), p. 168 . EXTERNAL
• b Frayne J. G. Pagliarulo V : “The Effects of Ultraviolet Light on Variable-Density Recording and Printing,” , XXXIV , 6 (June, 1940 ), p. 614 . EXTERNAL
• c Baker J. O : “Processing of Ultraviolet Recordings on Panchromatic Films,” , XXXI , 1 (July, 1938 ), p. 28 . EXTERNAL
• d Dimmick G. L. Sachtleben L. T : “An Ultraviolet Push-Pull Recording Optical System for Newsreel Cameras,” , XXXI , 1 (July, 1938 ), p. 87 . EXTERNAL
• e Drew R. O. Sachtleben L. T : “Recent Laboratory Studies of Optical Reduction Printing,” , XLI , 6 (Dec., 1943 ), p. 505 . EXTERNAL
• See also 16b. EXTERNAL
• 30. LIGHT SCATTERING IN EMULSION AND IMAGE SPREAD. EXTERNAL
• 5. COMPARISON OF DENSITY AND AREA. EXTERNAL
• See 12b, 25d, 29a, 34b, 36c, and 38. EXTERNAL
• 31. FINE-GRAIN FILMS. EXTERNAL
• a Daily C. R : “Improvement in Sound and Picture Release through the Use of Fine-Grain Film,” , XXXIV , 1 (Jan., 1940 ) p. 12 . EXTERNAL
• b “Report on the Adaptation of Fine-Grain Films to Variable-Density Sound Technics,” XXXIV , 1 (Jan., 1940 ), p. 3 . EXTERNAL
• c Daily C. R. Chambers I. M : “Production and Release Applications of Fine-Grain Films for Variable-Density Sound-Recording,” , XXXVIII , 1 (Jan., 1942 ), p. 45 . EXTERNAL
• d Wilkinson J. R. Eich F. L : “Laboratory Modification and Procedure in Connection with Fine-Grain Release Printing,” , XXXVIII , 1 (Jan., 1942 ), p. 56 . EXTERNAL
• e Eastman Kodak Company : “Motion Picture Films for Professional Use,” (Rochester, N. Y.), 1942 . EXTERNAL
• See also 25c and 29e. EXTERNAL
• 32. LENS COATING. EXTERNAL
• a Blodgett K : “Use of Interference to Extinguish Reflection of Light from Glass,” Phys. Rev. , 55 , Second Series (Feb. 15, 1939 ), p. 391 . EXTERNAL
• a Kellogg E. W : “A Comparison of Variable-Density and Variable-Width Systems,” , XXV , 3 (Sept., 1935 ), p. 203 . EXTERNAL
• b Dimmick G. L : “A New Dichroic Reflector and Its Application to Photocell Monitoring Systems,” , XXXVIII , 1 (Jan., 1942 ), p. 36 . EXTERNAL
• c Strong J : “On a Method of Decreasing the Reflection from Non-Metallic Substances,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. , XXVI , 1 (Jan., 1936 ), p. 73 . EXTERNAL
• d Cartwright C. H. Turner A. F : “Multiple Films of High Reflecting Power,” Phys. Rev. , 55 (June, 1939 ), p. 1128 . (Abstract.). EXTERNAL
• e Miller W. C : “Recent Improvements in Non-Reflective Lens Coating,” , XXXVII , 3 (Sept., 1941 ), p. 265 . EXTERNAL
• See also 23a. EXTERNAL
• 33. FOG. EXTERNAL
• a Dundon M. L. Crabtree J. I : “The Fogging Properties of Developers,” Trans. Soc. Mot. Pict. Eng. , XII , 36 (Sept., 1928 ), p. 1096 . EXTERNAL
• 34. HIGH-FREQUENCY LOSSES. EXTERNAL
• a Cook E. D : “The Aperture Effect,” , XIV , 6 (June, 1930 ), p. 650 . EXTERNAL
• b Dimmick G. L : “High-Frequency Response from Variable-Width Records as Affected by Exposure and Development,” , XVII , 5 (Nov., 1931 ), p. 766 . EXTERNAL
• 6. GLOW LAMP RECORDING. EXTERNAL
• c Foster D : “The Effect of Exposure and Development on the Quality of Variable-Width Photographic Sound Recording,” , XVII , 5 (Nov., 1931 ), p. 749 . EXTERNAL
• d Love D. P. Morgan K. F : “Sound Picture Recording and Reproducing Characteristics,” , XXXII , 6 (June, 1939 ) p. 631; XXXIII, 1 (July, 1939), p. 107. EXTERNAL
• See also 29, 31, 33 and 43. EXTERNAL
• 35. PRINTERS (Contact—See 45 for Optical Reduction Printers). EXTERNAL
• a Wood R. V : “Shrinkage-Compensating Sound Printer,” , XVIII , 6 (June, 1932 ), p. 788 . EXTERNAL
• b Batsel C. N : “A Non-Slip Sound Printer,” , XXIII , 2 (Aug., 1934 ), p. 100 . EXTERNAL
• e Depue O. B. : “A Combination Picture and Ultraviolet Non-Slip Printer,” XXX , 1 (Jan., 1938 ), p. 107 . EXTERNAL
• d Howell A. S. Mitchell R. F : “Recent Improvements in the Bell and Howell Fully Automatic Printer,” , XXII , 2 (Feb., 1934 ), p. 115 . EXTERNAL
• e Crabtree J. I : “Sound-Film Printing—I,” , XXI , 4 (Oct., 1933 ), p. 294; —II, XXII, 2 (Feb., 1934), p. 98. EXTERNAL
• See also 4d. EXTERNAL
• 36. MEASUREMENTS OF DISTORTION. EXTERNAL
• a Sandvik O. Hall V. C : “Wave-Form Analysis of Variable-Density Sound Recording,” , XIX , 4 (Oct., 1932 ), p. 346 . EXTERNAL
• b Frayne J. G. Scoville R. R : “Analysis and Measurement of Distortion in Variable-Density Recording,” , XXXII , 6 (June, 1939 ), p. 648 . EXTERNAL
• c Sandvik O. Hall V. C. Streiffert J. G. : “Wave-Form Analysis of Variable-Width Sound Records,” XXI , 4 (Oct., 1933 ), p. 323 . EXTERNAL
• See also 38. EXTERNAL
• 37. COMPRESSION. EXTERNAL
• a Aalberg J. O. Stewart J. G : “Application of Non-Linear Volume Characteristics to Dialog Recording,” , XXXI , 3 (Sept., 1938 ), p. 248 . EXTERNAL
• b Miller B. F : “Elimination of Relative Spectral Energy Distortion in Electronic Compressors,” , XXXIX , 5 (Nov., 1942 ), p. 317 . EXTERNAL
• See also 44a. EXTERNAL
• 38. CROSS-MODULATION. EXTERNAL
• a Jamieson M. F. Shea T. E. Pierce P. H : “The Photoelectric Cell and Its Method of Operation,” , XXVII , 4 (Oct., 1936 ), p. 365 . EXTERNAL
• b De Forest L. : “Pioneering in Talking Pictures,” , XXXVI , 1 (Jan., 1941 ), p. 41 . EXTERNAL
• a Baker J. O. Robinson D. H : “Modulated High-Frequency Recording as a Means of Determining Conditions for Optimal Processing,” , XXX , 1 (Jan., 1938 ), p. 3 . EXTERNAL
• See also 34a and b. EXTERNAL
• For intermodulation test used in density system see 36b. EXTERNAL
• 39. DEVELOPERS. EXTERNAL
• a Crabtree J. I. Matthews G. E : “Photographic Chemicals and Solutions,” American Photographic Publishing Co. ( Boston ), 1939 . EXTERNAL
• b Moyse H. W. White D. R : “Borax Developer Characteristics,” Trans. Soc. Mot. Pict. Eng. , XIII , 38 (May, 1929 ), p. 445 . EXTERNAL
• c Wilkinson J. R : “Motion Picture Laboratory Practices,” , XXXIX , 3 (Sept., 1942 ), p. 166 . (Republished in 12f.). EXTERNAL
• See also 12b, d and g, 18, 21, and 33. EXTERNAL
• 40. RERECORDING. EXTERNAL
• a Goldsmith L. T : “Rerecording Sound Motion Pictures,” , XXXIX , 5 (Nov., 1942 ), p. 277 . (Republished in 12f.). EXTERNAL
• See also 12a. EXTERNAL
• b Hopper F. L : “Electrical Networks for Sound Recording,” , XXXI , 5 (Nov., 1938 ), p. 443 . EXTERNAL
• e Miller W. C. Kimball H. R : “A Rerecording Console, Associated Circuits, and Constant B Equalizers,” , 43 , 3 (Sept., 1944 ), p. 187 . EXTERNAL
• 41. DUPLICATING. EXTERNAL
• a Crabtree J. I. Ives C. E : “Two New Films for Duplicating Work,” , XXIX , 3 (Sept., 1937 ), p. 317 . EXTERNAL
• b Roberts F. W. Taenzer E : “Photographic Duping of Variable-Area Sound,” , XXXIV , 1 (Jan., 1940 ), p. 26 . EXTERNAL
• See also 15d. EXTERNAL
• 42. ACOUSTIC SPECTRUM. EXTERNAL
• a Sivian L. J. Dunn H. K. White S. D : “Absolute Amplitudes and Spectra of Certain Musical Instruments,” J. Acous. Soc. Am. , 2 ( 1931 ), p. 330 ; abstract, 1 (1930), p. 172. EXTERNAL
• 43. SCANNING LOSSES. EXTERNAL
• a Stryker N. R : “Scanning Losses in Reproduction,” , XV , 5 (Nov., 1930 ), p. 610 . EXTERNAL
• 7. LIGHT SOURCES. EXTERNAL
• See also 34d. EXTERNAL
• 44. PRE- AND POST-EQUALIZATION. EXTERNAL
• a Steinberg J. C : “The Stereophonic Sound-Film System—Pre- and Post-Equalization of Compandor Systems,” , XXXVII , 4 (Oct., 1941 ), p. 366 . EXTERNAL
• b Hilliard J. K : “Projects of the Committee on Standardization of Theater Sound Projection Equipment Characteristics,” , XXX , 1 (Jan., 1938 ), p. 81 . EXTERNAL
• c “Revised Standard Electrical Characteristics for Two-Way Reproducing Systems in Theaters,” Tech. Bull., Research Council of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (Oct. 10, 1938 ). EXTERNAL
• d Hilliard J. K : “Report on Recent Activities of the Research Council Committee on Standardization of Theater Sound Projection Equipment Characteristics,” , XXXII , 6 (June, 1939 ), p. 610 . EXTERNAL
• 45. PRINTERS (Optical Reduction—See 35 for Contact Printers). EXTERNAL
• a Sandvik O. Streiffert J. G ., “A Continuous Optical Reduction Sound Printer,” XXV , 2 (Aug., 1935 ), p. 117 . EXTERNAL
• b Batsel C. N. Sachtleben L. T : “Some Characteristics of 16-Mm Sound by Optical Reduction and Rerecording,” , XXIV , 2 (Feb., 1935 ), p. 95 . EXTERNAL
• a Carlson F. E : “Properties of Lamps and Optical Systems for Sound Reproduction,” , XXXIII , 1 (July, 1939 ), p. 80 . EXTERNAL
• c Dimmick G. L. Batsel C. N. Sachtleben L. T : “Optical Reduction Sound Printing,” , XXIII , 2 (Aug., 1934 ), p. 108 . EXTERNAL
• d Collins M. E : “Optical Reduction Sound Printer,” , XXVII , 1 (July, 1936 ), p. 105 . EXTERNAL
• e Townsley M. G. Zuber J. G : “A Continuous Optical Reduction Sound Printer,” , XXXI , 4 (Oct., 1938 ), p. 405 . EXTERNAL
• See also 29e. EXTERNAL
• 46. CONSTANT SPEED. EXTERNAL
• a Kellogg E. W : “A Review of the Quest for Constant Speed,” , XXVIII , 4 (April, 1937 ), p. 337 . EXTERNAL
• b Shea T. E. MacNair W. A. Subrizi A : “Flutter in Sound Records,” XXV , 5 (Nov., 1935 ), p. 403 . EXTERNAL
• c Kellogg E. W : “A New Recorder for Variable-Area Recording,” , XV , 5 (Nov., 1930 ), p. 653 . EXTERNAL
• d Cook E. D : “The Technical Aspects of the High-Fidelity Reproducer,” , XXV , 4 (Oct., 1935 ), p. 289 . EXTERNAL
• e Loomis F. J. Reynolds E. W : “New Apparatus—a New High-Fidelity Sound Head,” , XXV , 5 (Nov., 1935 ), p. 449 . EXTERNAL
• b Buttolph L. J : “Mercury Arcs of Increased Brightness and Efficiency,” , XXVIII , 1 (Jan., 1937 ), p. 43 . EXTERNAL
• f Drew R. O. Kellogg E. W : “Filtering Factors of the Magnetic Drive,” , XXXV , 2 (Aug., 1940 ), p. 138 . EXTERNAL
• g Chandler J. S : “Some Theoretical Considerations in the Design of Sprockets for Continuous Film Movement,” , XXXVII , 2 (Aug., 1941 ), p. 164 . EXTERNAL
• h Albersheim W. J. MacKenzie D : “Analysis of Sound-Film Drives,” , XXXVII , 5 (Nov., 1941 ), p. 452 . EXTERNAL
• i Wente E. C. Muller A. H : “Internally Damped Rollers,” , XXXVII , 4 (Oct., 1941 ), p. 406 . EXTERNAL
• j Hopper F. L. Manderfeld E. C. Scoville R. R : “A Light-Weight Sound Recording System,” , XXXIII , 4 (Oct., 1939 ), p. 449 . EXTERNAL
• k Kellogg E. W. Morgan A. R : “Measurement of Speed Fluctuations in Sound Recording and Reproducing Equipment,” J. Acous. Soc. Am. , 7 , 4 (April, 1936 ), p. 271 . EXTERNAL
• l Scoville R. R : “A Portable Flutter-Measuring Instrument,” , XXV , 5 (Nov., 1935 ), p. 416 . EXTERNAL
• See also 35e and 51. EXTERNAL
• 47. DESIRED VOLUME RANGE. EXTERNAL
• a Mueller W. A : “Audience Noise as a Limitation to the Permissible Volume Range of Dialog in Sound Motion Pictures,” , XXXV , 1 (July, 1940 ), p. 48 . EXTERNAL
• c Noel E. B. Farnham R. E : “A Water-Cooled Quartz Mercury Arc,” , XXXI , 3 (Sept., 1938 ), p. 221 . EXTERNAL
• 48. SLIT ANGLE. EXTERNAL
• a Cook E. D : “The Aperture Alignment Effect,” , XXI , 5 (Nov., 1933 ), p. 390 . EXTERNAL
• b Foster D : “Effect of Orientation of the Scanning Image on the Quality of Sound Reproduced from Variable-Width Records,” , XXXIII , 5 (Nov., 1939 ), p. 502 . EXTERNAL
• 49. TEST FILMS. EXTERNAL
• a “Standard SMPE Visual and Sound Test-Reels,” XXII , 3 (Mar., 1934 ), p. 173 . EXTERNAL
• b “American War Standard Specification—Test Films, Z52.7-1944,” American Standards Association (70 East 45th St., New York 17, N. Y. ). EXTERNAL
• c Townsley M. G : “A Film for Measuring Projector Steadiness,” , 43 , 1 (July, 1944 ), p. 30 . EXTERNAL
• See also 53. EXTERNAL
• 50. UNEVEN SLIT ILLUMINATION. EXTERNAL
• a Batsel C. N. Cartwright C. H : “Effect of Uneven Slit Illumination upon Distortion in Several Types of Variable-Width Records,” , XXIX , 5 (Nov., 1937 ), p. 476 . EXTERNAL
• See also 4b and 9d. EXTERNAL
• See also 7a. EXTERNAL
• 51. SPROCKET HOLE MODULATION. EXTERNAL
• a Crabtree J. I. Herriott W : “Film Perforation and 96-Cycle Frequency Modulation in Sound-Film Records,” , XXX , 1 (Jan., 1938 ), p. 25 . EXTERNAL
• b Kellogg E. W. Belar H : “Analysis of the Distortion Resulting from Sprocket-Hole Modulation,” , XXV , 6 (Dec., 1935 ), p. 492 . EXTERNAL
• c Baker J. O. Drew R. O : “New and Old Aspects of the Origins of 96-Cycle Distortion,” , XXXVII , 3 (Sept., 1941 ), p. 227 . EXTERNAL
• See also 18c and d, 35e, 46c and g. EXTERNAL
• 52. FILM SHRINKAGE. EXTERNAL
• a Maurer J. A. Bach W : “The Shrinkage of Acetate-Base Motion Picture Films,” , XXXI , 1 (July, 1938 ), p. 15 . EXTERNAL
• b Calhoun J. M : “The Physical Properties and Dimensional Behavior of Motion Picture Film,” , 43 , 4 (Oct., 1944 ), p. 227 . EXTERNAL
• 53. BUZZ TRACK. EXTERNAL
• 8. KERR CELL RECORDING. EXTERNAL
• a Kellogg E. W : “A Recorder for Making Buzz-Track,” , XXX , 2 (Feb., 1938 ), p. 150 . EXTERNAL
• See also 49. EXTERNAL
• 54. 16-MM RECORDING. EXTERNAL
• a Maurer J. A : “The Present Technical Status of 16-Mm Sound-Film,” , XXXIII , 3 (Sept., 1939 ), p. 315 . EXTERNAL
• b Batsel C. N. Baker J. O : “Sound Recording and Reproducing Using 16-Mm Film,” , XXI , 2 (Aug., 1933 ), p. 161 . EXTERNAL
• c Kellogg E. W : “The Development of 16-Mm Sound Motion Pictures,” , XXIV , 1 (Jan., 1935 ), p. 63 . EXTERNAL
• d Maurer J. A : “Commercial Motion Picture Production with 16-Mm Equipment,” , XXXV , 5 (Nov., 1940 ), p. 437 . EXTERNAL
• e Thompson L : “The Practical Side of Direct 16-Mm Laboratory Work,” XLI , 1 (July, 1943 ), p. 101 ; and “Some Suggested Standards for Direct 16-Mm Production,” XLI, 4 (Oct., 1943), p. 340. EXTERNAL
• f Offenhauser W. H. Jr. : “The 16-Mm Commercial Film Laboratory,” XLI , 2 (Aug., 1943 ), p. 157 ; and “Notes on the Application of Fine-Grain Film to 16-Mm Motion Pictures,” XLI, 5 (Nov., 1943), p. 374. EXTERNAL
• g Shapiro A : “Present Aspects in the Development of 16-Mm Sound,” , XXIX , 3 (Sept., 1937 ), p. 303 . EXTERNAL
• a Zworykin V. Lynn L. B. Hanna C. R : “Kerr Cell Method of Recording Sound,” Trans. Soc. Mot. Pict. Eng. , XII , 35 (Sept., 1928 ), p. 748 . EXTERNAL
• h McKie R. V : “Commercial Processing of 16-Mm Variable Area,” , 43 , 6 (Dec., 1944 ), p. 414 . EXTERNAL
• i Thompson L : “What to Expect of Direct 16-Mm,” , 43 , 3 (Sept., 1944 ), p. 178 . EXTERNAL
• j Boyer M. R : “Report of Subcommittee C on 16-Mm Laboratory Practice,” , 43 , 1 (July, 1944 ), p. 21 . EXTERNAL
• k Maurer J. A : “Report of Subcommittee B on 16-Mm Sound,” , 43 , 1 (July, 1944 ), p. 19 . EXTERNAL
• See also 29e and 45. EXTERNAL
• 9. LIGHT VALVE (Western Electric). EXTERNAL
• b Hollands L. C. Glover A. M : “Vacuum-Tube Engineering for Motion Pictures,” , XXX , 1 (Jan., 1938 ), p. 38 . EXTERNAL
• a MacKenzie D : “Sound Recording with the Light Valve,” Trans. Soc. Mot. Pict. Eng. , XII , 35 (Sept., 1928 ), p. 730 . EXTERNAL
• b Shea T. E. Herriott W. Goehner W. R : “The Principles of the Light-Valve,” , XVIII , 6 (June, 1932 ), p. 697 . EXTERNAL
• c Ceccarini O. O : “Recent Contributions to Light-Valve Technic,” , XVII , 3 (Sept., 1931 ), p. 305 . EXTERNAL
• d Herriott W. Foster L. V : “Recent Optical Improvements in Sound-Film Recording Equipment,” , XXIII , 3 (Sept., 1934 ), p. 167 . EXTERNAL
• See also 24f. EXTERNAL
• 10. RECIPROCITY. EXTERNAL
• a Jones L. A. Webb J. H : “Reciprocity Law Failure in Photographic Exposures,” , XXIII , 3 (Sept., 1934 ), p. 142 . EXTERNAL
• b Küster A. Schmidt R : “The Sensitometric Control of Sound Records on Film,” , XIX , 6 (Dec., 1932 ), p. 539 . EXTERNAL
• See also 9b and 12b. EXTERNAL
• 11. OSCILLOGRAPH. EXTERNAL
• c Dow W. G : “Fundamentals of Engineering Electronics,” J. Wiley ( London ), 1937 . EXTERNAL
• a Hardy A. C : “The Optical System of the Oscillograph and Similar Recording Instruments,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. and Rev. Scien. Instruments , 14 (June, 1927 ), p. 505 . EXTERNAL
• b Dimmick G. L : “Galvanometers for Variable-Area Recording,” , XV , 4 (Oct., 1930 ), p. 428 . EXTERNAL
• 12. BOOKS AND GENERAL REFERENCE. EXTERNAL
• a Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences : “Motion Picture Sound Engineering,” D. Van Nostrand & Co. ( New York ), 1938 . EXTERNAL
• b Mees C. E. K : “The Theory of the Photographic Process,” Macmillan ( New York ), 1942 . EXTERNAL
• c Hardy Perrin : “The Principles of Optics,” McGraw-Hill Book Co. ( New York and London ), 1932 . EXTERNAL
• d Eastman Kodak Company : “Motion Picture Laboratory Practice and Characteristics of Eastman Motion Picture Films” (Rochester, N. Y.), 1936 . EXTERNAL
• e Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences : “Recording Sound for Motion Pictures,” McGraw-Hill Book Co. ( New York and London ), 1931 . EXTERNAL
• f Society of Motion Picture Engineers : “The Technique of Motion Picture Production,” Interscience Publishers, Inc. ( New York ), 1944 . EXTERNAL
• g Crabtree J. I. Matthews G. E : “Photographic Chemicals and Solutions,” American Photographic Publishing Co. ( Boston ), 1939 . EXTERNAL
• See also 12a, c, and e. EXTERNAL
• h “Glossary of Technical Terms Used in the Motion Picture Industry,” XVII , 5 (Nov., 1931 ), p. 819 . EXTERNAL
• i Tasker H. G : “The Technique of Production Sound Recording,” , XXXIX , 4 (Oct., 1942 ), p. 213 . (Republished in 12f.). EXTERNAL
• 13. DIRECT POSITIVES. EXTERNAL
• a Dimmick G. L. Blaney A. C : “A Direct Positive System of Sound Recording,” , XXXIII , 5 (Nov., 1939 ), p. 479 . EXTERNAL
• b Blaney A. C : “Notes on Operating Experience Using the Direct Positive Push-Pull Method of Recording,” , 42 , 5 (May, 1944 ), p. 279 . EXTERNAL
• 14. PENUMBRA VARIABLE-INTENSITY SYSTEM. EXTERNAL
• a Dimmick G. L : “Optical Control of Wave-Shape and Amplitude Characteristics in Variable-Density Recording,” , XXXIII , 6 (Dec., 1939 ), p. 650 . EXTERNAL
• b Faulkner C. W. Batsel C. N : “Operation of the Variable-Intensity Recording System,” , XXXVI , 2 (Feb., 1941 ), p. 125 . EXTERNAL
• See also 4b. EXTERNAL
• 15. PUSH-PULL SYSTEMS. EXTERNAL
• 2. REPRODUCING SYSTEMS. EXTERNAL
• a Frayne J. G. Silent H. C : “Push-Pull Recording with the Light-Valve,” , XXXI , 1 (July, 1938 ), p. 46 . EXTERNAL
• b Hilliard J. K : “Push-Pull Recording,” , XXX , 2 (Feb., 1938 ), p. 156 . EXTERNAL
• c Ceccarini O. O : “Theoretical Notes on the Push-Pull Method of Recording Sound,” , XXX , 2 (Feb., 1938 ), p. 162 . EXTERNAL
• d Blaney A. C. Best G. M : “Latest Developments in Variable-Area Processing,” , XXXII , 3 (Mar., 1939 ), p. 237 . EXTERNAL
• See also 4b and 16. EXTERNAL
• 16. CLASS B RECORDING. EXTERNAL
• a Dimmick G. L. Belar H : “An Improved System for Noiseless Recording,” , XXIII , 1 (July, 1934 ), p. 48 . EXTERNAL
• b Bradshaw D. Y : “Production-Quality Sound with Single-System Portable Equipment,” , XXXVI , 2 (Feb., 1941 ), p. 180 . EXTERNAL
• c Bloomberg D. J. Lootens C. L : “Class B Push-Pull Recording for Original Negatives,” , XXXIII , 6 (Dec., 1939 ), p. 664 . EXTERNAL
• d Cartwright C. H. Thompson W. S : “The Class A-B Push-Pull Recording System,” , XXXIII , 3 (Sept., 1939 ), p. 289 . EXTERNAL
• See 37a, 43, 48, and 50. EXTERNAL
• 17. GROUND-NOISE REDUCTION. EXTERNAL
• a Townsend R. H. McDowell H. Jr. Clark L. E : “Ground-Noise Reduction,” Reprint No. 26, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( Hollywood ). EXTERNAL
• b Kellogg E. W : “Ground-Noise Reduction System,” , XXXVI , 2 (Feb., 1941 ), p. 137 . EXTERNAL
• c Silent H. C. Frayne J. G : “Western Electric Noiseless Recording,” , XVIII , 5 (May, 1932 ), p. 551 . EXTERNAL
• d Kreuzer B : “Noise Reduction with Variable-Area Recording,” , XVI , 6 (June, 1931 ), p. 671 . EXTERNAL
• e Scoville R. R. Bell W. L : “Design and Use of Noise-Reduction Bias Systems,” , XXXVIII , 2 (Feb., 1942 ), p. 125 . EXTERNAL
• Hansen E. H. Faulkner C. W. : “Mechanical Reversed-Bias Light-Valve Recording,” XXVI , 2 (Feb., 1936 ), p. 117 . EXTERNAL
• g Frayne J. G : “Noise-Reduction Anticipation Circuits,” , 43 5 (Nov., 1944 ), p. 313 . EXTERNAL
• 18. IRREGULARITIES IN DENSITY. EXTERNAL
• a Ives C. E. Jensen E. W : “The Effect of Developer Agitation on Density Uniformity and Rate of Development,” , XL , 2 (Feb., 1943 ), p. 107 . EXTERNAL
• 3. DIMENSIONAL STANDARDS. EXTERNAL
• b Ives C. E. Kunz C. J : “Solution Agitation by Means of Compressed Air,” , XXXIV , 4 (April, 1940 ), p. 364 . EXTERNAL
• c Leshing M. Ingman T. Pier K : “Reduction of Development Sprocket-Hole Modulation,” , XXXVI , 5 (May, 1941 ), p. 475 . EXTERNAL
• d Frayne J. G. Pagliarulo V : “The Influence of Sprocket Holes upon the Development of Adjacent Sound-Track Areas,” , XXVIII , 3 (Mar., 1937 ), p. 235 . EXTERNAL
• e Grignon L. D : “Flicker in Motion Pictures,” , XXXIII , 3 (Sept., 1939 ), p. 235 . EXTERNAL
• See also 12b and d, 21d and e, and 51. EXTERNAL
• 19. GRAININESS. EXTERNAL
• a Crabtree J. I : “Graininess of Motion Picture Film,” Trans. Soc. Mot. Pict. Eng. , XI , 29 (July, 1927 ) p. 77 . EXTERNAL
• b Sandvik O : “A Study of Ground Noise in the Reproduction of Sound by Photographic Methods,” Trans. Soc. Mot. Pict. Eng. , XII , 35 (Sept., 1928 ), p. 790 . EXTERNAL
• e Jones L. A. Hardy A. C : “Graininess in Motion Picture Negatives and Positives,” Trans. Soc. Mot. Pict. Eng ., 14 (May, 1922 ), p. 107 . EXTERNAL
• d Sandvik O. Hall V. C. Grimwood W. K : “Further Investigation of Ground-Noise in Photographic Sound Records,” , XXII , 2 (Feb., 1934 ), p. 83 . EXTERNAL
• a “Revision of SMPE Standards, Proposed for Adoption by the Society of Motion Picture Engineers,” XXX , 3 (Mar., 1938 ), p. 249 . EXTERNAL
• e Goetz A. Gould W. O : “The Objective Quantitative Determination of the Graininess of Photographic Emulsions,” , XXIX , 5 (Nov., 1937 ), p. 510 . EXTERNAL
• f Goetz A. Gould W. O. Dember A : “The Objective Measurement of the Graininess of Photographic Emulsions,” , XXXIV , 3 (Mar., 1940 ), p. 279 . EXTERNAL
• g Albersheim W. J : “Mathematical Relations between Grain, Background Noise, and Characteristic Curve of Sound-Film Emulsions,” , XXIX , 4 (Oct., 1937 ), p. 417 . EXTERNAL
• h Sandvik O. Grimwood W. K : “An Investigation of the Influence of the Negative and Positive Materials on Ground Noise,” , XXXV , 2 (Aug., 1940 ), p. 126 . EXTERNAL
• See also 5 and 12b. EXTERNAL
• 20. AIR CONDITIONING. EXTERNAL
• a Lindsay D. C : “Air Conditioning as Applied in Theaters and Film Laboratories,” Trans. Soc. Mot. Pict. Eng. , XI , 30 (Aug., 1927 ), p. 334 . EXTERNAL
• b Simonds A. H. Polderman L. H : “Air Conditioning in Film Laboratories,” , XVII , 4 (Oct., 1931 ), p. 604 . EXTERNAL
• c Holden E. C : “Silica Gel Air Conditioning for Film Processing,” , XVIII , 4 (April, 1932 ), p. 471 . EXTERNAL
• d Murphy H. C : “Air Filtration in the Production of Motion Pictures,” , XXVI , 6 (June, 1936 ), p. 637 . EXTERNAL