SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 126, Issue: 9, 2017)
[ACTIVE]
Efficient Multibitrate HEVC Encoding for Adaptive Streaming
Metadata
- Publisher
- SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
- Doc Type
- Journal Article
- Content Type
- Original Research
- Abbreviated Title
- SMPTE Mot. Imag. J
- Volume
- 126, No. 9, pp. 36–40
- Abstract
- Adaptive bitrate streaming is a critical feature in Internet video that significantly improves the viewer experience by customizing video stream quality to the viewer device’s capability and connectivity. Encoding the source content at multiple quality tiers or bitrates is extremely demanding for post-production houses, studios, and content delivery networks. This paper describes an intelligent multibitrate encoder, based on the High Efficiency Video Coding/H.265 standard that encodes a single title to multiple bitrates at significant performance gains and no compression efficiency loss, as compared to standalone single bitrate encoder instances. We first describe the threading infrastructure of x265 and demonstrate its ability to dynamically adapt to varying degrees of parallelism in hardware. We then describe the key architectural design of a multibitrate encoder, including thread synchronization challenges across encoder instances. We also discuss the analysis data shared across different quality tiers, which is carefully chosen to eliminate the loss of compression efficiency compared to a single bitrate encoder instance. Finally, we show the high-performance gains achieved by the multiencoder and demonstrate the feasibility of simultaneous encoding to multiple bitrates with negligible loss of compression efficiency.
- Publication Date
- 2017-11-01
- DOI
10.5594/JMI.2017.2749938- ISSN
- Print:
1545-0279| Electronic:2160-2492 - Link
- https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2017.2749938
- Author(s)
- Deepthi NandakumarSagar KotechaKavitha SampathPradeep RamachandranTom Vaughan
- Keyword(s)
- Adaptive Bitrate Streaming, HEVC, Video Compression, X265
- Copyright
- © 2017 SMPTE
Bibliographic Reference(s)
- T. Vaughan, D. Nandakumar, P. Ramachandran, and J. Ramachandran, “Efficiency vs Performance Trade-Offs in the Design of an HEVC Encoder,” Proc. National Association of Broadcasters Conference, Las Vegas, NV, 2016. EXTERNAL
- G. Bjontegaard, “Calculation of Average PSNR Differences Between RD-Curves,” ITU-T VCEG Meeting, Austin, TX, 2001. EXTERNAL
- Cisco, “Cisco Visual Networking Index: Forecast and Methodology, 2014-2019 White Paper,” Cisco, 2014. [Online]. Available: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/service-provider/ip-ngn-ip-next-generation-network/white_paper_c11-481360.html EXTERNAL
- G. J. Sullivan, J. Ohm, W.-J. Han, and T. Wiegand, “Overview of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Standard,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, 22(12):1649–1668, Dec. 2012. EXTERNAL
- Multicoreware, Inc., “x265 Documentation,” 2016. [Online]. Available: http://x265.readthedocs.io/en/default/ EXTERNAL
- Sandvine, “Global Internet Phenomena Report,” 2014. [Online]. Available: https://www.sandvine.com/downloads/general/global-internet-phenomena/2014/2h-2014-global-internet-phe-nomena-report.pdf EXTERNAL
- British Broadcasting Corp., “H.265/HEVC vs H.265/AVC 50% Bit-Rate Savings Verified,” 2016. [Online]. Available: http://www.bbc.co.uk/rd/blog/2016-01-h-dot-265-slash-hevc-vs-h-dot-264-slash-avc-50-percent-bit-rate-savings-verified EXTERNAL
- MSU, “HEVC Video Codecs Comparison,” 2015. [Online]. Available: http://compression.r u /video/codec _comparison / hevc_2015/ EXTERNAL
- ITU-T REC H.265 [Active]
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Deepthi Nandakumar, Sagar Kotecha, Kavitha Sampath, Pradeep Ramachandran, and Tom Vaughan; Efficient Multibitrate HEVC Encoding for Adaptive Streaming, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 126, Issue: 9, 2017); SMPTE, 2017. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2017.2749938
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Deepthi Nandakumar, Sagar Kotecha, Kavitha Sampath, Pradeep Ramachandran, and Tom Vaughan; Efficient Multibitrate HEVC Encoding for Adaptive Streaming, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 126, Issue: 9, 2017); SMPTE, 2017. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2017.2749938
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Deepthi Nandakumar, Sagar Kotecha, Kavitha Sampath, Pradeep Ramachandran, and Tom Vaughan; Efficient Multibitrate HEVC Encoding for Adaptive Streaming, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 126, Issue: 9, 2017); SMPTE, 2017. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2017.2749938
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<span class="citation">Deepthi Nandakumar, Sagar Kotecha, Kavitha Sampath, Pradeep Ramachandran, and Tom Vaughan; <cite>Efficient Multibitrate HEVC Encoding for Adaptive Streaming</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 126, Issue: 9, 2017); SMPTE, 2017. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2017.2749938" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2017.2749938</a></span>
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Deepthi Nandakumar, Sagar Kotecha, Kavitha Sampath, Pradeep Ramachandran, and Tom Vaughan; Efficient Multibitrate HEVC Encoding for Adaptive Streaming, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 126, Issue: 9, 2017); SMPTE, 2017
doi: 10.5594/JMI.2017.2749938
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2017.2749938
doi: 10.5594/JMI.2017.2749938
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2017.2749938
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<li> Deepthi Nandakumar, Sagar Kotecha, Kavitha Sampath, Pradeep Ramachandran, and Tom Vaughan; <cite id="bib-10-5594-jmi-2017-2749938">Efficient Multibitrate HEVC Encoding for Adaptive Streaming</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 126, Issue: 9, 2017); SMPTE, 2017 <span class="doi">10.5594/JMI.2017.2749938</span> </li>