SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2019)
[ACTIVE]
Speed-Distortion Optimization: Tradeoffs in Open-Source HEVC Encoding
Metadata
- Publisher
- SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
- Doc Type
- Conference Paper
- Content Type
- Original Research
- Volume
- 2019, No. 10, pp. 1–10
- Abstract
- The HEVC video compression standard which drives significant increase in coding efficiency is an essential technology for delivering UltraHD content in HDR. This improved coding efficiency comes at a significant cost in computational complexity. Adaptive streaming results and content adaptive encoding significantly increase the compute required for encoding for the additional encodes, and analysis required to support the corresponding use cases. The emergence of content-adaptive encoding results in an additional major increase in number of encoding. All these factors combined requires a careful analysis of trade-offs in order to avoid exorbitant infrastructure costs of transition to HEVC. — This paper discusses how the throughput of an HEVC encoder can be optimized to enable a cost-efficient distributed encoding system running on commodity hardware. We chose the popular open source x265 video encoder for this study due to its wide adoption. We first examine the x265 presets which combine various performance and encoding efficiency trade-offs into a single operational point. We then detail some additional options that enable additional analysis on a selective sub-set of cases, such as per-frame or per-CTU; these options are representative of several such options that aren't exposed via the presets of x265. Specifically, we discuss options pertaining to selective in-loop filtering, and dynamically re-targeting rate distortion optimization (RDO) tools depending on quality fluctuations encountered at run-time. We present trade-offs results for real-world 4K HDR content to demonstrate the applicability of these coding tools to real content used for OTT and live streaming.
- Publication Date
- 2019-10-21
- DOI
10.5594/M001876- Link
- https://doi.org/10.5594/M001876
- Author(s)
- Pradeep RamachandranMulticoreWare IncPraveen Kumar KaradugattuMulticoreWare IncAlex GiladiComcastDan GroisComcastPooja VenkatesanMulticoreWare IncBhavna HariharanMulticoreWare IncKavitha SampathMulticoreWare IncKalyan GoswamiMulticoreWare IncKevin PikusComcast
- Keyword(s)
- HEVC, X265, Open Source, Video Coding, Streaming
- Copyright
- © 2019 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.
Bibliographic Reference(s)
- Efficient Multibitrate HEVC Encoding for Adaptive Streaming [Active]
- MulticoreWare Inc, "x265 - An Open Source HEVC Encoder," MulticoreWare Inc, 2014. [Online]. Available: http://x265.org. EXTERNAL
- T. Vaughan, D. Nandakumar, P. Ramachandran, and J. Ramachandran, “Efficiency vs performance trade-offs in the design of an HEVC encoder”, In Proceedings of National Association of Broadcasters (NAB), April 2016. EXTERNAL
- M. Manohara, A. Moorthy, J. De Cock, I. Katsavounidis, and A. Aaron, “Optimized shot-based encodes: Now Streaming!”, May, 2018., [Online]. Available: https://medium.com/netflix-techblog/optimized-shot-based-encodes-now-streaming-4b9464204830 EXTERNAL
- Z. Wang, A. C. Bovik, H. R. Sheikh and E. P. Simoncelli, "Image quality assessment: from error visibility to structural similarity," in IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 600-612, April 2004 EXTERNAL
- Apple Inc., “HLS Authoring Specification for Apple Devices”, 2018, [online]. Available at https://developer.apple.com/documentation/http_live_streaming/hls_authoring_specification_for_apple_devices. EXTERNAL
- G. Bjøntegaard, “Calculation of average PSNR differences between RD-curves”, ITU-T Q.6/SG16 VCEG 13th Meeting, Doc. VCEG-M33, Apr. 2001. EXTERNAL
- Cisco Systems Inc., “Cisco Visual Networking Index: Forecast and Methodology, 2016–2021”, [Online]. Available: http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/solutions/collateral/service-provider/visual-networking-index-vni/complete-white-paper-c11-481360.html, Jun. 2017. EXTERNAL
- K. Goswami et al., "Adaptive Multi-Resolution Encoding for ABR Streaming," In Proceedings of International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), October 2018. EXTERNAL
- P. Tiwari, V. Menon, J. Murugan, J. Chandrasekaran, G. Akisetty, P. Ramachandran, S. Venkata, A. Bird, and K. Cone, “Accelerating x265 with Intel® Advanced Vector Extensions 512,” White paper on the Intel Developers Page, May 2018. EXTERNAL
- MulticoreWare Inc, “x265 Command Line Options”, 2014. [online]. Available https://x265.readthedocs.io/en/default/cli.html EXTERNAL
- G. J. Sullivan, J.-R. Ohm, W.-J. Han and T. Wigand, "Overview of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Standard," In IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, vol. 22, no. 12, pp. 1649-1668, 2012. EXTERNAL
- 4K Media, [online]. Available at https://4kmedia.org/ EXTERNAL
- ITU-T REC H.265 [Active]
Source Data (JSON)
Full registry record with provenance metadata. Open directly: /api/doc/10.5594-M001876.json
Reference Tree
Explore all references and references to this document, as a navigable tree.
Open Reference TreeReference this Doc
Plain text (ISO 690 compliant)
Preview:
Pradeep Ramachandran, Praveen Kumar Karadugattu, Alex Giladi, Dan Grois, Pooja Venkatesan, Bhavna Hariharan, Kavitha Sampath, Kalyan Goswami, and Kevin Pikus; Speed-Distortion Optimization: Tradeoffs in Open-Source HEVC Encoding, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2019); SMPTE, 2019. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/M001876
Snippet:
Pradeep Ramachandran, Praveen Kumar Karadugattu, Alex Giladi, Dan Grois, Pooja Venkatesan, Bhavna Hariharan, Kavitha Sampath, Kalyan Goswami, and Kevin Pikus; Speed-Distortion Optimization: Tradeoffs in Open-Source HEVC Encoding, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2019); SMPTE, 2019. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/M001876
HTML (ISO 690 compliant)
Preview:
Pradeep Ramachandran, Praveen Kumar Karadugattu, Alex Giladi, Dan Grois, Pooja Venkatesan, Bhavna Hariharan, Kavitha Sampath, Kalyan Goswami, and Kevin Pikus; Speed-Distortion Optimization: Tradeoffs in Open-Source HEVC Encoding, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2019); SMPTE, 2019. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/M001876
Snippet:
<span class="citation">Pradeep Ramachandran, Praveen Kumar Karadugattu, Alex Giladi, Dan Grois, Pooja Venkatesan, Bhavna Hariharan, Kavitha Sampath, Kalyan Goswami, and Kevin Pikus; <cite>Speed-Distortion Optimization: Tradeoffs in Open-Source HEVC Encoding</cite>, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2019); SMPTE, 2019. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/M001876" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/M001876</a></span>
SMPTE's HTML Pub
Preview:
Pradeep Ramachandran, Praveen Kumar Karadugattu, Alex Giladi, Dan Grois, Pooja Venkatesan, Bhavna Hariharan, Kavitha Sampath, Kalyan Goswami, and Kevin Pikus; Speed-Distortion Optimization: Tradeoffs in Open-Source HEVC Encoding, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2019); SMPTE, 2019
doi: 10.5594/M001876
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/M001876
doi: 10.5594/M001876
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/M001876
Snippet:
<li> Pradeep Ramachandran, Praveen Kumar Karadugattu, Alex Giladi, Dan Grois, Pooja Venkatesan, Bhavna Hariharan, Kavitha Sampath, Kalyan Goswami, and Kevin Pikus; <cite id="bib-10-5594-m001876">Speed-Distortion Optimization: Tradeoffs in Open-Source HEVC Encoding</cite>, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2019); SMPTE, 2019 <span class="doi">10.5594/M001876</span> </li>