Assessment of Image Quality in Digital Cinema Using the Motion Quality Ruler Method

Metadata

Publisher: SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type: Journal Article
Content Type: Original Research
Abbreviated Title: SMPTE Mot. Imag. J
Volume: 116, No. 2-3, pp. 61–73
Abstract: This paper describes a subjective image quality assessment method called the motion quality ruler (MQR) that can be used to determine the perceived quality of motion sequences. This method is an extension of a similar method that has been used to assess still image quality in photography and was standardized as ISO 20462. The MQR method provides a calibrated numerical scale in units of just noticeable differences (JNDs), and the results of different experiments using the MQR can be compared and combined, even if they were done at different times or locations. It can be used to quantify overall image quality, as well as other image attributes, in a very efficient manner over a wide range of JNDs. Results are presented from an experiment that used the MQR method to evaluate the overall quality of JPEG 2000–compressed sequences in a digital cinema environment.
Publication Date: 2007-02-01
DOI: 10.5594/J16095
ISSN: Print: 1545-0279 | Electronic: 2160-2492
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/J16095
Author(s): Reinhold Thiel
bio
Reinhold Thiel received an MS degree in optical and applied physics from the Technical University of Berlin, Germany in 1984. He started his professional career as an engineer at Siemens AG in Berlin in the field of optical telecommunications, working on the development of fiber-optical components for high-speed data transmission. He joined Kodak in 1989 and was head of the Analytical Physics Lab in Stuttgart, working in the area of thermal printing, hard copy analysis, and single-use camera development until 1999. He then took on an assignment as project manager in Rochester, NY, where he worked on light-valve and projection display technology for cinema applications. Since 2001, he has been responsible for New Business Development in Europe, supporting the Entertainment Imaging business and Research Labs, and leads the Kodak effort in Project WorldScreen. Thiel is a member of the German Society of Physics (DPG), the Society of Information Display (SID), and SMPTE.
Paul Clark
bio
Paul Clark studied part-time for an HNC in physics and applied optics at Oxford Polytechnic while working at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory as a scientific officer. During six years at RAL, he contributed to a variety of research projects, including scientific payloads for the European Space Agency. He joined Kodak in 1990, working on Digital Imaging systems for Kodak's Medical division. In 1994 he joined the Motion Picture division, working with digital imaging systems used to scan, manipulate, and record motion picture film. He has just successfully completed a two-year research project developing softcopy calibration tools to support color-accurate image display within the film post-production community.
Richard B. Wheeler
bio
Richard B. Wheeler is a senior principal scientist with Eastman Kodak Company. He received a BS degree in chemistry and systems engineering from the Rochester Institute of Technology. He holds 17 US patents in fields such as camera auto-focusing and exposure control systems, chemical and digital image processing, and image quality modeling. He co-authored chapters in the Handbook of Image Quality: Characterization and Prediction , and has taught various courses on this topic His current work is focused on optimizing the design of digital intermediate systems for motion picture and television applications.
Paul W. Jones
bio
Paul W. Jones is a senior principal scientist with Eastman Kodak Co. He received BS and MS degrees in imaging science from Rochester Institute of Technology and an MS degree in electrical engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. He has over 24 years of experience in developing digital image processing solutions for still-frame and video applications. His primary activities have focused on designing and implementing algorithms for image compression and watermarking, and he holds 26 U.S. patents in those fields. He is co-author of the textbook Digital Image Compression Techniques , as well as several book chapters on compression, and he has taught various courses on this topic. His current work includes optimizing JPEG 2000 compression for Digital Cinema, which has led to an encoding system that is significantly faster and produces better image quality with smaller compressed file sizes than competing products.
Marcel Riveccie
bio
Marcel Riveccié graduated from Dijon University in 1975. After completing his thesis in physical chemistry, he joined the Paris Kodak R&D organization in 1979 He was involved in various silver halide based R&D projects and moved to Chalon sur Saône (France), where he took responsibility for an R&D laboratory in 1987. He took a one-year management assignment in the U.S. as a laboratory head. He then lead a research department in Chalon and served as a member of the Kodak European Research and Development Board. He created a digital imaging laboratory in Paris in 1999 In his current position, he is responsible for the Motion Picture R&D in Europe.
Jean-Fabien Dupont
bio
Jean-Fabien Dupont graduated from Ecole Supérieure d'Electricité, France, in 1977. He started his career as a research engineer at Thomson, working on laser diodes for optical communications He joined the engineering département of Kodak in Chalon sur Saotne in 1983, leading various manufacturing installation projects. In 1996, he moved to Motion Picture Customer Technical Services, in charge of hybrid and digital systems. He participated in different research initiatives for improving image quality and holds four patents. Jean-Fabien is member of the Commission Supérieure Technique (CST).
Copyright: © 2007 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

1. Video Quality Experts Group , “Final report from the video quality experts group on the validation of objective models of video quality assessment,” July 23, 2003 . EXTERNAL
2. Keelan B. , (ed.), Handbook of Image Quality: Characterization and Prediction , Marcel Decker , New York , 2002 . EXTERNAL
3. ISO/DIS 20462–1, ISO TC 42/SC/WG 18, International Standard — “Photography—Psychophysical Experimental Methods to Estimate Image Quality—Part 1: Overview of Psychophysical Elements,” November 15, 2005 . EXTERNAL
4. ISO/DIS 20462–1, ISO TC 42/SC/WG 18, International Standard— “Photography—Psychophysical Experimental Methods to Estimate Image Quality—Part 2: Triplet Comparison Method,” August 25, 2003 . EXTERNAL
5. ISO/DIS 20462–3, ISO TC 42/SC/WG 18, International Standard — “Photography — Psychophysical Experimental Methods to Estimate Image Quality—Part 3: Quality Ruler Method,” November 15, 2005 . EXTERNAL
6. Digital Cinema System Specification V1. 0, July 20, 2005 (Digital Cinema Initiatives, LLC Hollywood, CA). Specification can be downloaded at www.dcimovies.com/ . EXTERNAL
7. Digital Cinema System Test Plan V 2. 0, April 25, 2004 (Digital Cinema Initiatives, LLC, Hollywood, CA). EXTERNAL
8. Kakadu software website is www.kakadusoftware.com/ . EXTERNAL

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Reinhold Thiel, Paul Clark, Richard B. Wheeler, Paul W. Jones, Marcel Riveccie, and Jean-Fabien Dupont; Assessment of Image Quality in Digital Cinema Using the Motion Quality Ruler Method, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 116, Issue: 2-3, 2007); SMPTE, 2007. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J16095

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Reinhold Thiel, Paul Clark, Richard B. Wheeler, Paul W. Jones, Marcel Riveccie, and Jean-Fabien Dupont; Assessment of Image Quality in Digital Cinema Using the Motion Quality Ruler Method, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 116, Issue: 2-3, 2007); SMPTE, 2007. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J16095

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<span class="citation">Reinhold Thiel, Paul Clark, Richard B. Wheeler, Paul W. Jones, Marcel Riveccie, and Jean-Fabien Dupont; <cite>Assessment of Image Quality in Digital Cinema Using the Motion Quality Ruler Method</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 116, Issue: 2-3, 2007); SMPTE, 2007. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/J16095" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/J16095</a></span>

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Reinhold Thiel, Paul Clark, Richard B. Wheeler, Paul W. Jones, Marcel Riveccie, and Jean-Fabien Dupont; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j16095">Assessment of Image Quality in Digital Cinema Using the Motion Quality Ruler Method</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 116, Issue: 2-3, 2007); SMPTE, 2007
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