Research on Human Factors in Ultrahigh-Definition Television (UHDTV) to Determine Its Specifications

Metadata

Publisher: SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type: Journal Article
Content Type: Original Research
Abbreviated Title: SMPTE Mot. Imag. J
Volume: 117, No. 3, pp. 23–29
Abstract: High-definition television (HDTV) has now completely entered the practical stage in many countries throughout the world. We can envision the future of broadcasting by looking back on the long history of HDTV from when it was first proposed to when it was deployed. Ultra high-definition television (UHDTV) is now being studied in Japan as the most promising candidate for next-generation television beyond HDTV. UHDTV consists of extremely high-resolution imagery and multichannel three-dimensional (3-D) sound to give viewers a stronger sensation of presence. Various aspects should be taken into account when determining UHDTV specifications. Of these, the authors believe that human factors, such as how we feel when viewing a video, are some of the most important aspects to be considered so that the system achieves the intended psychological effects. Several research projects have been carried out at NHK's (Japan Broadcasting Corp.) laboratory, in accordance with this idea. They include dependence of sensation of presence on visual angle, both subjective and objective; required angular resolution based on resolution discrimination threshold and sense of realness; negative effects of widescreen video (e.g., motion sickness); and dynamic visual acuity when viewing a wide-angle video. This paper describes the studies conducted on the human factors of UHDTV.
Publication Date: 2008-04-01
DOI: 10.5594/J15117
ISSN: Print: 1545-0279 | Electronic: 2160-2492
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/J15117
Author(s): Masayuki Sugawara
bio
Masayuki Sugawara received B.S and M.S. degrees in electric communication engineering, and a Ph.D. degree in electronic engineering from Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. He joined NHK (Japan Broadcasting Corp.), Tokyo, Japan, in 1983. Since 1987, he has been researching the solidstate image sensor and HDTV camera at the Science and Technical Research Laboratories (STRL). He was an associate professor at the University of Electro-Communications in Tokyo from 2000 until 2004. Currently, he is a senior research engineer at NHK STRL and engaged in the research of ultrahigh-definition TV systems. Sugawara is a member of SMPTE, IEEE, IEICE and ITE.
Kenichiro Masaoka
bio
Kenichiro Masaoka received a B.S. degree in electrical engineering and a M.S. degree in energy science from Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan, in 1994 and 1996, respectively. He joined NHK in 1996. Since 2002, he has been involved in activities related to 3-D television and high-resolution imaging at the NHK Science and Technical Research Laboratories. His research interests include realness of digital images and the psychological aspects when using a large-screen or 3-D display.
Masaki Emoto
bio
Masaki Emoto received B.S. and M.S. degrees in electronic engineering and a Ph.D. degree in human and environmental studies from Kyoto University in 1986, 1988, and 2003, respectively. He has been working on 3-D television, wide field-of-view television, and human factors—especially psychophysiological effects—at NHK Science and Technical Research Laboratories. His research interests include future television systems incorporating desirable effects such as a heightened sensation of presence, and eliminating undesirable side effects to the viewer such as photosensitive epilepsy (PSE), motion sickness, and visual fatigue.
Yasutaka Matsuo
bio
Yasutaka Matsuo received a M.E. degree in information science from the Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara, Japan, in 2001 and joined NHK that same year. Since 2004, he has worked in the Science and Technical Research Laboratories. His research interest is in image processing, video format conversion, and video coding. Matsuo is a member of the Institute of Electronics, Information, Communication Engineers of Japan, and the Institute of Image and Television Engineers of Japan.
Yuji Nojiri
bio
Yuji Nojiri received M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Waseda University, Japan, in 1979 and 2004, respectively. He joined NHK in 1979. Since 1981, he has been working in the Science and Technical Research Laboratories on the research and development of HDTV, especially the HDTV laser beam film recorder, HDTV standards converter, and stereoscopic HDTV. Recently, Nojiri has been working on extremely high-resolution imagery in ultra-HDTV. He is an executive research engineer at NHK STRL.
Copyright: © 2008 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

The Future of High-Definition Television: First Portion of a Report of the SMPTE Study Group on High-Definition Television [Active]
Psychophysical Analysis of the “Sensation of Reality” Induced by a Visual Wide-Field Display [Active]
Technical Development toward Implementation of Ultra High-Definition TV System [Active]
Screen Size: The Impact on Picture and Sound [Active]
Assessment to Determine Format for a UDW Television [Active]
Ultrahigh-Definition Video System with 4000 Scanning Lines [Active]
1. Fujio T. , “Future Broadcasting and High-Definition Television,” NHK Technical Monograph, pp. 5 – 13 , 1982 . EXTERNAL
10. Nishida Y. Ichigaya A. Kurozumi M. Nakasu E. , “MPEG-2 Codec for Super Hi-Vision,” IEICE Gen. Conf. , pp. D-11 – 26 , 2006 . EXTERNAL
11. Sujikai H. Suzuki Y. Yamagata K. Tanaka S. Nishida Y. Sugawara M. , “Indoor Transmission Experiment of Super Hi-Vision in the 21GHz Band,” ITE Tech. Rep. , 30 : 13 – 16 , Feb. 2006 . EXTERNAL
14. Yuyama I. Mitsuhashi T. , “Fundamental Requirements for High-Definition Television Systems,” NHK Technical Monograph, pp. 14 – 26 , 1982 . EXTERNAL
15. Hamasaki K. Hiyama K. Okumura R. , “The 22.2 Multichannel Sound System and Its Application,” AES 118th Convention, Barcelona, Paper 6406, 2005 . EXTERNAL
16. Hamasaki K. , “A 22.2 Multichannel Sound System for Ultra High-Definition TV,” published in this issue of the SMPTE Mot. Imag. J. . EXTERNAL
2. Ono S. Ohta N. Aoyama T. , “All-Digital Super High-Definition Images,” Signal Processing: Image Communication , 4 , 429 – 444 , Aug. 1992 . EXTERNAL
20. Masaoka K. , “Contrast Effect in Evaluating the Sensation of Presence for Wide Field-of-View,” IEICE Tech. Rep. , IE2006–15 , pp. 19 – 24 , 2006 . EXTERNAL
21. Emoto M. , “Viewing Angle Effects from Wide Field Video Projection Images on the Human Equilibrium,” Displays , 26 ( 1 ): 9 – 14 , Jan. 2005 . EXTERNAL
22. ISO IWA 3:2005 “Image Safety—Reducing the Incidence of Undesirable Biomedical Effects Caused by Visual Image Sequences,” 2005 . EXTERNAL
23. Emoto M. , “Viewing Angle Effects From Wide-Field Video System on Visual-Induced Motion Sickness,” ITE Tech. Rep. , 30 ( 22 ): 25 – 28 , March 2006 . EXTERNAL
24. Kennedy R. S. , “Simulator Sickness Questionnaire: An Enhanced Method for Quantifying Simulator Sickness,” Int'l J. Aviation Psych. , 3 ( 3 ): 203 – 220 , 1993 . EXTERNAL
25. ITU-R Rec. BT.500–11 “Methodology for the Subjective Assessment of the Quality of Television Picture.” . EXTERNAL
26. Masaoka K. Emoto M. Sugawara M. Nojiri Y. , “Comparing Realness Between Real Objects and Images at Various Resolutions,” Proc. SPIE-IS&T Electronic Imag. 2007 , 6492 : 1 – 9 , 2007 . EXTERNAL
27. Matsuo Y. Emoto M. Sugawara M. , “Frame Frequency for Wide Field of View Video System—Dependency of Field of View on Dynamic Visual Acuity,” IEICE Forum on Information Technology, Toyota 2007 . EXTERNAL
3. Mitani K. Shimamoto H. Fujita Y. , “2K x 2K Image Acquisition System Using Four CMD Imagers,” ITE J. , 50 : 295 – 301 , Feb. 1996 . EXTERNAL
4. Swartz C. , “Understanding Digital Cinema,” Focal Press : Burlington, NJ , 2005 . EXTERNAL
5. Report ITU-R BT.2053–1, “Large Screen Digital Imagery,” 2006 . EXTERNAL
7. Kanazawa M. Mitani K. Hamasaki K. Sugawara M. Okano F. , “Super Hi-Vision Theater at Expo'05,” IEICE: The First International Workshop on Image Media Quality and its Applications, pp. 45 – 49 , 2005 . EXTERNAL
8. Masaoka K. Kawakita M. Sugawara M. Kanazawa M. Ohzeki K. Nojiri Y. , “Image Quality Management for the Super Hi-Vision System at Kyushu National Museum,” IEICE Trans. Fundamentals , E89-A : 2938 – 2944 , 2006 . EXTERNAL
9. Maeda M. Shishikui Y. Suginoshita F. Takiguchi Y. Nakatogawa T. Kanazawa M. Mitani K. Hamasaki K. Iwaki M. Nojiri Y. , “Steps Toward the Practical Use of Super Hi-Vision,” NAB2006 BEC Proc. , pp. 450 – 455 , 2006 . EXTERNAL

Source Data (JSON)

Full registry record with provenance metadata. Open directly: /api/doc/10.5594-J15117.json

Reference Tree

Explore all references and references to this document, as a navigable tree.

Open Reference Tree

Reference this Doc

Plain text (ISO 690 compliant)

Preview:

Masayuki Sugawara, Kenichiro Masaoka, Masaki Emoto, Yasutaka Matsuo, and Yuji Nojiri; Research on Human Factors in Ultrahigh-Definition Television (UHDTV) to Determine Its Specifications, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 117, Issue: 3, April 2008); SMPTE, 2008. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J15117

Snippet:

Masayuki Sugawara, Kenichiro Masaoka, Masaki Emoto, Yasutaka Matsuo, and Yuji Nojiri; Research on Human Factors in Ultrahigh-Definition Television (UHDTV) to Determine Its Specifications, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 117, Issue: 3, April 2008); SMPTE, 2008. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J15117

HTML (ISO 690 compliant)

Preview:

Snippet:

<span class="citation">Masayuki Sugawara, Kenichiro Masaoka, Masaki Emoto, Yasutaka Matsuo, and Yuji Nojiri; <cite>Research on Human Factors in Ultrahigh-Definition Television (UHDTV) to Determine Its Specifications</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 117, Issue: 3, April 2008); SMPTE, 2008. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/J15117" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/J15117</a></span>

SMPTE's HTML Pub

Preview:

Snippet:

<li>
Masayuki Sugawara, Kenichiro Masaoka, Masaki Emoto, Yasutaka Matsuo, and Yuji Nojiri; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j15117">Research on Human Factors in Ultrahigh-Definition Television (UHDTV) to Determine Its Specifications</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 117, Issue: 3, April 2008); SMPTE, 2008
<span class="doi">10.5594/J15117</span>
</li>