An Introduction to Aliasing and Sharpening in Digital Motion Picture Systems

Bibliographic Reference(s)

• Assessing the Quality of Motion Picture Systems from Scene-to-Digital Data [Active]
• Evolution of Resolution in Film Scanners [Active]
• ISO.12233 — 4. “ISO 12233: 2000 Photography-Electronic Still Picture Cameras—Resolution Measurements,” published Sept. 1, 2000 . EXTERNAL
• 10. “Average modulation level” is interpreted here as the average white level minus the average black level (for color channels read light for white and dark for black). The average white level is maximum white response (the maximum level across the white tilted bar) plus minimum white response (the minimum level across the white tilted bar) divided by two. Similarly, average black level is maximum black response (that is the maximum level across the black tilted bar) plus minimum black response (the minimum level across the black tilted bar) divided by two. In all these measurements, the effect of random noise must be removed. In our measurements, we use frame-to-frame averaging and spatial averaging across the test pattern and alias patterns. Note that average modulation level is also used in measuring the contrast transfer function (CTF) of a system. Thus, aliasing amplitude is the product of alias ratio, CTF, and image contrast. EXTERNAL
• 11. Barten Peter G. J. , Contrast Sensitivity of the Human Eye and Its Effects on Image Quality , SPIE Optical Engineering Press , 1999 . EXTERNAL
• 12. Granger E. M. Cupery K. N. , “An Optical Merit Function (SQF) which Correlates with Subjective Image Judgments,” Photogr. Sci. Eng. , 16 : 221 – 230 , 1972 . EXTERNAL
• 2. ANSI/SMPTE 268M-1994— “File Format for Digital Moving-Picture Exchange (DPX),” SMPTE , 595 W. Hartsdale Ave., White Plains, NY 10607 , Approved Feb. 18, 1994 . EXTERNAL
• 3. “Reference Output Medium Metric RGB Color Space (ROMM RGB) White Paper,” http://www.kodak.com/go/romm_rgb . EXTERNAL
• 6. To achieve accurate measurements, preserve the white end of the tone scale so it is not “crushed” by low gamma or white saturation. EXTERNAL
• 7. Oppenheim Alan V. Willsky Alan S. , Signals and Systems , Prentice Hall Signal Processing Series , 1983 , pp. 513 – 531 . This book includes a classic undergraduate treatment of aliasing. EXTERNAL
• 8. Holst Gerald C. , Sampling, Aliasing and Data Fidelity: For Electronic Imaging Systems, Communications, and Data Acquisition , (SPIE Press Series, No. 55), Jan. 1998 , pp. 81 – 97 , 158 – 227 . This book addresses practical engineering issues related to sampling and reconstruction. EXTERNAL
• 9. One possible view is that the yellow sine wave is not stationary and that implicitly the Nyquist theorem requires stationary signals. One difficulty with this view is that real world scenes are virtually always non-stationary. Thus, this is a simplified but real-world example. For a good discussion of stationarity, see Bendat Julius Piersol Allan , Measurement and Analysis of Random Data , John Wiley , 1966 . EXTERNAL