An Investigation of Agitation in a Continuous Immersion Film Process

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Publisher: SMPTE
Doc Type: Journal Article
Article Type: research-article
Abstract: A successful agitation system in deep-tank film processes must cause the solution to move uniformly at a desired energy level and must adequately and uniformly supply fresh solution to the emulsion surface. A theoretical and practical investigation of a film strand moving through a processing solution has shown that the boundary layer between film and solution is laminar for all practical processing speeds. Laboratory tests have indicated that density nonuniformity caused by poor or insufficient agitation can be improved by the proper use of submerged nozzles. This work was made possible by a technique developed in the Kodak Research Laboratories, in which the by-products of development can be observed as they are formed. Hydroquinone sulfonate, a principal by-product of development, fluoresces when excited by ultraviolet light, producing a fluorescent layer of material on the emulsion surface, which visually shows the effect of any disturbance caused by the agitation mechanism.
Publication Date: 1966-10-01
DOI: 10.5594/J07079
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/J07079
Author(s): Walter C. Snyder

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Walter C. Snyder; An Investigation of Agitation in a Continuous Immersion Film Process, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 75, Issue: 10, October 1966); SMPTE, 1966. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J07079

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Walter C. Snyder; An Investigation of Agitation in a Continuous Immersion Film Process, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 75, Issue: 10, October 1966); SMPTE, 1966. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J07079

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<span class="citation">Walter C. Snyder; <cite>An Investigation of Agitation in a Continuous Immersion Film Process</cite>, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 75, Issue: 10, October 1966); SMPTE, 1966. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/J07079" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/J07079</a></span>

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Walter C. Snyder; An Investigation of Agitation in a Continuous Immersion Film Process, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 75, Issue: 10, October 1966); SMPTE, 1966
doi: 10.5594/J07079
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/J07079

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<li>
Walter C. Snyder; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j07079">An Investigation of Agitation in a Continuous Immersion Film Process</cite>, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 75, Issue: 10, October 1966); SMPTE, 1966
<span class="doi">10.5594/J07079</span>
</li>