Journal of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers ( Volume: 56, Issue: 2, February 1951)

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Image Gradation, Graininess and Sharpness in Television and Motion Picture Systems: Part I: Image Structure and Transfer Characteristics

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Publisher: SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type: Journal Article
Content Type: Original Research
Abbreviated Title: J SMPTE
Volume: 56, No. 2, pp. 137–177
Abstract: The physical quality of motion picture and television images is determined by the transfer characteristic, the standard deviation or signal-to-fluctuation ratio, and the detail flux-response characteristics of the system. The performance of typical systems and system combinations is illustrated by examples permitting numerical comparison. The analysis of fluctuation levels(“noise”) in photographic processes, based on sampling theory, includes an evaluation of the sine-wave frequency spectrum of the deviation as modified by the “aperture” processes of the system. The sine-wave response characteristics of typical apertures are developed as well as an accurate method of determining the equivalent “resolving aperture” (point image) of practical devices from sine-wave response measurements. A new system of rating image-forming devices is thus developed permitting precise evaluation and comparison of components as well as of complete systems including the eye. Part I discusses the transfer characteristics of motion picture and television systems. Parts II and III, to be published at a later date, will contain an analysis of signal-to-fluctuation ratios and detail contrast.
Publication Date: 1951-02-01
DOI: 10.5594/J01847
ISSN: Print: 0898-042X
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/J01847
Author(s): Otto H. SchadeOtto H. Schade, Tube Dept., Radio Corporation of America, Harrison, N.J.
Copyright: © 1951 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

1. Schade O. H. , “Electro-optical characteristics of television systems: Introduction,” RCA Rev. , vol. IX , no. 1 , pp. 5 – 13 , Mar. 1948 . EXTERNAL
“Part I — Characteristics of vision and visual systems,” RCA Rev. , pp. 13 – 37 , Mar. 1948 . EXTERNAL
“Part II — Electro-optical specifications for television systems,” RCA Rev. , no. 2, pp. 245 – 286 , June 1948 . EXTERNAL
“Part III — Electro-optical characteristics of camera systems,” RCA Rev. , no. 3, pp. 490 – 530 , Sept. 1948 . EXTERNAL
“Part IV — Correlation and evaluation of electro-optical characteristics of imaging systems,” RCA Rev. , no. 4, pp. 653 – 686 , Dec. 1948 . EXTERNAL
2. Weimer P. K. Forgue S. V. Goodrich R. R. , “The Vidicon photoconductive camera tube,” Electronics , vol. 23 , no. 5 , pp. 70 – 73 , May 1950 . EXTERNAL
3. Janes R. B. Rotow A. A. , “Light transfer characteristics of image orthicons,” RCA Rev. , vol. XI , no. 3 , pp. 364 – 376 , Sept. 1950 . EXTERNAL

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Otto H. Schade; Image Gradation, Graininess and Sharpness in Television and Motion Picture Systems: Part I: Image Structure and Transfer Characteristics, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers ( Volume: 56, Issue: 2, February 1951); SMPTE, 1951. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J01847

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Otto H. Schade; Image Gradation, Graininess and Sharpness in Television and Motion Picture Systems: Part I: Image Structure and Transfer Characteristics, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers ( Volume: 56, Issue: 2, February 1951); SMPTE, 1951. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J01847

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<span class="citation">Otto H. Schade; <cite>Image Gradation, Graininess and Sharpness in Television and Motion Picture Systems: Part I: Image Structure and Transfer Characteristics</cite>, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers ( Volume: 56, Issue: 2, February 1951); SMPTE, 1951. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/J01847" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/J01847</a></span>

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Otto H. Schade; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j01847">Image Gradation, Graininess and Sharpness in Television and Motion Picture Systems: Part I: Image Structure and Transfer Characteristics</cite>, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers ( Volume: 56, Issue: 2, February 1951); SMPTE, 1951
<span class="doi">10.5594/J01847</span>
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