State of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Communication across Network Address Translators (NATs)

Metadata

Publisher: IETF
Doc Type: Informational
Pages: 32
Abstract: This memo documents the various methods known to be in use by applications to establish direct communication in the presence of Network Address Translators (NATs) at the current time. Although this memo is intended to be mainly descriptive, the Security Considerations section makes some purely advisory recommendations about how to deal with security vulnerabilities the applications could inadvertently create when using the methods described. This memo covers NAT traversal approaches used by both TCP- and UDP-based applications. This memo is not an endorsement of the methods described, but merely an attempt to capture them in a document. This memo provides information for the Internet community.
Publication Date: 2008-03-01
Status Note: Informational
DOI: 10.17487/RFC5128
Link: https://doi.org/10.17487/RFC5128
Author(s): Pyda Srisuresh
Bryan Ford
Dan Kegel

Latest version of IETF RFC 5128

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▶ IETF RFC 5128 (2008-03-01)

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Normative Reference(s)

IETF RFC 2663 [Active*]
IETF RFC 3022 [Active*]
IETF RFC 4787 [Active*]

Bibliographic Reference(s)

Ford, B., Srisuresh, P., and D. Kegel, "Application Design Guidelines for Traversal through Network Address Translators", Work in Progress, March 2007. EXTERNAL
Woodyatt, J., "Recommended Simple Security Capabilities in Customer Premises Equipment for Providing Residential IPv6 Internet Service", Work in Progress, June 2007. EXTERNAL
UPnP Forum, "Internet Gateway Device (IGD) Standardized Device Control Protocol V 1.0", November 2001, http://www.upnp.org/standardizeddcps/igd.asp EXTERNAL
Cheshire, S., Krochmal, M., and K. Sekar, "NAT Port Mapping Protocol (NAT-PMP)", Work in Progress, October 2006. EXTERNAL
Takeda, Y., "Symmetric NAT Traversal using STUN" , Work in Progress, June 2003. EXTERNAL
Rosenberg, J., "Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE): A Methodology for Network Address Translator (NAT) Traversal for Offer/Answer Protocols", Work in Progress, October 2007. EXTERNAL
Guha, Saikat, "NAT STUNT Results" available online as https://www.guha.cc/saikat/stunt-results.php . EXTERNAL
Kegel, D., "NAT and Peer-to-Peer Networking", July 1999. http://www.alumni.caltech.edu/~dank/peer-nat.html EXTERNAL
Rosenberg, J., "TCP Candidates with Interactive Connectivity Establishment (ICE)", Work in Progress, July 2007. EXTERNAL
Peer-to-Peer Working Group, NAT/Firewall Working Committee, "Bidirectional Peer-to-Peer Communication with Interposing Firewalls and NATs", August 2001. http://www.peer-to-peerwg.org/tech/nat/ EXTERNAL
Stiemerling, M., Tschofenig, H., Aoun, C., and E. Davies, "NAT/Firewall NSIS Signaling Layer Protocol (NSLP)", Work in Progress, July 2007. EXTERNAL
Ford, B., "NAT check Program" available online as http://midcom-p2p.sourceforge.net , February 2005. EXTERNAL
Guha, S., and Francis, P., "Characterization and Measurement of TCP Traversal through NATs and Firewalls", Proceedings of Internet Measurement Conference (IMC), Berkeley, CA, October 2005, pp. 199- 211. EXTERNAL
Guha, S., Biswas, K., Ford, B., Sivakumar, S., and P. Srisuresh, "NAT Behavioral Requirements for TCP", Work in Progress, April 2007. EXTERNAL
Rosenberg, J., Mahy, R., and P. Matthews, "Traversal Using Relays around NAT (TURN): Relay Extensions to Session Traversal Utilities for NAT (STUN)", Work in Progress, January 2008. EXTERNAL
Jennings, C., "NAT Classification Test Results" , Work in Progress, July 2007. EXTERNAL
Srisuresh, P., Ford, B., Sivakumar, S., and S. Guha, "NAT Behavioral Requirements for ICMP protocol", Work in Progress, February 2008. EXTERNAL
Ford, B., Srisuresh, P., and Kegel, D., "Peer-to-Peer Communication Across Network Address Translators", Proceedings of the USENIX Annual Technical Conference (Anaheim, CA), April 2005. EXTERNAL
Biggadike, A., Ferullo, D., Wilson, G., and Perrig, A., "Establishing TCP Connections Between Hosts Behind NATs", ACM SIGCOMM ASIA Workshop, April 2005. EXTERNAL
IETF RFC 793 [Superseded*]
IETF RFC 1928 [Active*]
IETF RFC 2766 [Superseded*]
IETF RFC 3027 [Active*]
IETF RFC 3102 [Active*]
IETF RFC 3235 [Active*]
IETF RFC 3261 [Active*]
IETF RFC 3303 [Active*]
IETF RFC 3330 [Superseded*]
IETF RFC 3424 [Active*]
IETF RFC 3489 [Superseded*]
IETF RFC 4380 [Active*]
IETF RFC 4941 [Superseded*]
IETF RFC 4966 [Active*]

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IETF RFC 5128, State of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Communication across Network Address Translators (NATs). Available at https://doi.org/10.17487/RFC5128

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<span class="citation"><cite>IETF RFC 5128</cite>, State of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Communication across Network Address Translators (NATs). Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.17487/RFC5128" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.17487/RFC5128</a></span>

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IETF RFC 5128, State of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Communication across Network Address Translators (NATs)
doi: 10.17487/RFC5128
url: https://doi.org/10.17487/RFC5128

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<cite id="bib-rfc5128">IETF RFC 5128</cite>, State of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) Communication across Network Address Translators (NATs)
<span class="doi">10.17487/RFC5128</span>
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Referenced By

IETF RFC 5766 [Superseded*]
IETF RFC 6272 [Active*]
IETF RFC 8155 [Active*]
IETF RFC 8656 [Active*]