Tutorial on Critical Listening of Multichannel Audio Codec Performance

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Publisher: SMPTE
Doc Type: Journal Article
Article Type: orig-research
Abstract: Listening for impairments introduced by multichannel audio codecs is an important task. Classical objective methods are not adequate in assessing audio coding schemes. Accordingly, International Telecommunications Union Recommendations Section (ITU-R) Recommendations BS.1116 and BS.1534-1 provide guidelines for subjective evaluation of codecs. This paper provides a tutorial on the proper conditions for reliable codec testing. Several key components covered are properly designing the experiment; selecting the listening panel and training listeners; developing the test methodology; selecting balanced program material, loudspeaker or room, and sound-field requirements; listening for artifacts; and analyzing statistics. This paper addresses these various components, including the sound-field requirements, because per the ITU, “The characteristics of the reference sound field at the listening area are most important for the subjective perception of, or the quality assessment of, auditory events and their reproducibility at other listening places or rooms. These characteristics result from the interaction of the loudspeaker(s) and the listening room.”
Publication Date: 2012-01-01
DOI: 10.5594/j18246
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/j18246
Author(s): Sunil Bharitkar, Grant Davidson, Louis Fielder, Poppy Crum

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Sunil Bharitkar, Grant Davidson, Louis Fielder, and Poppy Crum; Tutorial on Critical Listening of Multichannel Audio Codec Performance, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 121, Issue: 8, 2012); SMPTE, 2012. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/j18246

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Sunil Bharitkar, Grant Davidson, Louis Fielder, and Poppy Crum; Tutorial on Critical Listening of Multichannel Audio Codec Performance, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 121, Issue: 8, 2012); SMPTE, 2012. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/j18246

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<span class="citation">Sunil Bharitkar, Grant Davidson, Louis Fielder, and Poppy Crum; <cite>Tutorial on Critical Listening of Multichannel Audio Codec Performance</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 121, Issue: 8, 2012); SMPTE, 2012. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/j18246" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/j18246</a></span>

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<li>
Sunil Bharitkar, Grant Davidson, Louis Fielder, and Poppy Crum; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j18246">Tutorial on Critical Listening of Multichannel Audio Codec Performance</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 121, Issue: 8, 2012); SMPTE, 2012
<span class="doi">10.5594/j18246</span>
</li>