The Avoidance of Visual Discomfort and Basic Rules for Producing “Good 3D” Pictures

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Publisher: SMPTE
Doc Type: Journal Article
Article Type: orig-research
Abstract: Stereoscopic three-dimensional (3D) content is the latest and most powerful trend in the cinema, television, Blu-ray, Internet streaming, video on demand, advertising, and broadcasting markets, with an increasing potential for the next decades. This paper describes the critical aspects of 3D content creation. First, the basic rules for creating “good 3D” and avoiding visual discomfort are determined. In particular, conflicts of depth and binocular rivalry are reviewed in detail, as these cause eye fatigue, headache, and even nausea. The paper describes both the reasons for the appearance of the conflicts and the degree of intensity in the human visual system. Then, the paper compares the level of complexity involved in avoiding or fixing these visual conflicts for the various content-creation techniques: 3D live-action production with stereo camera rigs, theatrical 2D-to-3D conversion, and realtime conversion. Finally, the paper concludes with a discussion about the combination of these techniques, their influence on the current and future 3D entertainment market, and the danger of “bad” 3D.
Publication Date: 2012-01-01
DOI: 10.5594/j18236
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/j18236
Author(s): S. Knorr, K. Ide, M. Kunter, T. Sikora

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S. Knorr, K. Ide, M. Kunter, and T. Sikora; The Avoidance of Visual Discomfort and Basic Rules for Producing “Good 3D” Pictures, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 121, Issue: 7, 2012); SMPTE, 2012. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/j18236

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S. Knorr, K. Ide, M. Kunter, and T. Sikora; The Avoidance of Visual Discomfort and Basic Rules for Producing “Good 3D” Pictures, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 121, Issue: 7, 2012); SMPTE, 2012. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/j18236

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<span class="citation">S. Knorr, K. Ide, M. Kunter, and T. Sikora; <cite>The Avoidance of Visual Discomfort and Basic Rules for Producing “Good 3D” Pictures</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 121, Issue: 7, 2012); SMPTE, 2012. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/j18236" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/j18236</a></span>

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<li>
S. Knorr, K. Ide, M. Kunter, and T. Sikora; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j18236">The Avoidance of Visual Discomfort and Basic Rules for Producing “Good 3D” Pictures</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 121, Issue: 7, 2012); SMPTE, 2012
<span class="doi">10.5594/j18236</span>
</li>