HDR Perception Challenges and Measures in Cinematographic Environment

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Publisher: SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type: Conference Paper
Content Type: Original Research
Volume: 2016, No. 10, pp. 1–21
Abstract: Technical capabilities of moving picture projection are evolving. Higher dynamic range is one of the most promising improvements in cinematographic visual experience. But various factors are limiting the effectiveness of technical developments. Physical limitations such as optical diffusion and room reflectivity have been shown to affect significantly scene contrast. Building on previous model, fully automatic room reflectivity measurement is demonstrated. Diffusion measurement follows directly from the model. One assumption of the model is the uniformity of reflection. This is only an approximation and further work is necessary to assess how non-uniformity is affecting the perception of HDR. Therefore, non-uniformity measurement method and simple descriptor are required and proposed. HDR image quality results should be evaluated from the point of view of cinematographic experience. The best course of action is to evaluate how optical diffusion, room reflectivity and non-uniformity limiting factors are affecting contrast sensitivity.
Publication Date: 2016-10-25
DOI: 10.5594/M001700
ISBN: Print: 978-1-61482-957-7
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/M001700
Author(s): Francois HeltHighlands Technologies Solutions
Keyword(s): HDR, Picture Quality, Sequential Contrast, Intraimage Contrast, Optical Diffusion, Room Reflectivity, Automatic Measurement, Nonuniformity, Contrast Sensitive Function
Copyright: © 2016 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

Proposal for Practical Screen Luminance Uniformity Measurement [Active]
Method and Good Estimators for Projection Uniformity Measurement [Active]
Modelling of Achievable Contrast and its Impact on HDR Projection in Commercial Cinema Environments [Active]
B. C. Van Fraassen, Scientific Representation, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 2013. Annex Previous mathematical model The first model equations including diffusion are as follows: (eq. 1) Where and are respectively white and black rectangle illumination measured on a checkerboard type pattern, and is the percentage of white in the image. Consequently, the native projector sequential contrast ratio is defined with: . Taking into account the reflectivity , an offset is added and defined by the following equation: (eq. 2) So the contrast perceived in the theatre will be: (eq. 3) Where is the projector contrast value, in a totally void room. Important derivation It is assumed that optical diffusion is geometrically stable whatever the illumination intensity. The diffusion proportion and disposition do not change if we insert a perfect neutral filter in the light path, without changing the image. The same result may be obtained by changing the intensity driving value. This is especially true for images that are uniformly white or grey. For uniform images the first equation is giving: From the second equation, for the same uniform images, reflectivity is adding an offset strictly proportional to the light intensity. Therefore, the sequential contrast value, actually measured with uniform white and uniform black patterns is linearly proportional to the input light value. Uniformity of reflectivity is also a realistic hypothesis. EXTERNAL
E. Sober, Ockam's Razors - A User's Manual, Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press, 2015. EXTERNAL
D. H. Krantz, R. D. Luce, P. Suppes and A. Tversky, Foundations of Measurement, Dover Publications Inc., 2007. EXTERNAL
SMPTE, "RP 431-2:2011, D-Cinema Quality - Reference Projector and Environment," Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, White Plains, NY 10607, 6 April, 2011. EXTERNAL
SMPTE ST 431-1:2006 [Active, Reaffirmed]

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Francois Helt; HDR Perception Challenges and Measures in Cinematographic Environment, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2016); SMPTE, 2016, ISBN: 978-1-61482-957-7. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/M001700

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Francois Helt; HDR Perception Challenges and Measures in Cinematographic Environment, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2016); SMPTE, 2016, ISBN: 978-1-61482-957-7. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/M001700

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<span class="citation">Francois Helt; <cite>HDR Perception Challenges and Measures in Cinematographic Environment</cite>, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2016); SMPTE, 2016, ISBN: 978-1-61482-957-7. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/M001700" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/M001700</a></span>

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Francois Helt; <cite id="bib-10-5594-m001700">HDR Perception Challenges and Measures in Cinematographic Environment</cite>, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2016); SMPTE, 2016, ISBN: 978-1-61482-957-7
<span class="doi">10.5594/M001700</span>
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