A Cinema Luminance Range by the People, for the People: Viewer Preferences on Luminance Limits for a Large Screen Environment

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Publisher: SMPTE — White Plains, NY
Doc Type: Conference Paper
Content Type: Original Research
Volume: 2014, No. 10, pp. 1–9
Abstract: Display technology has been improving rapidly, in some areas faster than others. Televisions, tablets, and smart phones bring images to life through a combination of a brighter maximum luminance, a deeper black level, and/or a wider color gamut. Preference studies in this area also confirm that viewers are looking for these increased capabilities in their displays. One such study performed on a TV-sized display at Dolby Laboratories [4] found that to satisfy 90% of viewers a luminance dynamic range of 0.005 to 20,000 cd/m2 would be required. Translating results from small displays to the larger screens of the cinema is not always straightforward because of the conjecture that large screens will influence a viewer's preferences differently. For example, it is assumed that, in comparison to a smaller display (i.e. television), the brightness preference for the cinema is dimmer. This generalized assumption, however, includes multiple aspects such as contrast increased flickering with higher luminance, and different fields of view. To investigate those aspects, we have conducted a study on viewer preferences for the cinema environment isolating the maximum diffuse luminance, the minimum luminance, and highlight luminance from these other factors. We used a 6 kW cinema projector and 13 foot, 2.8-gain screen, producing a luminance dynamic range of 0.002 to 2100 cd/m2, and concluded that the most demanding viewers prefer 22 stops of cinema dynamic range — double the number of stops of the existing dynamic range of the cinema.
Publication Date: 2014-10-01
DOI: 10.5594/M001584
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/M001584
Author(s): Suzanne FarrellDolby Labs, Sunnyvale, CA, sfarr@dolby.com
Timo KunkelDolby Labs, Sunnyvale, CA, tkunk@dolby.com
Scott DalyDolby Labs, Sunnyvale, CA, sdaly@dolby.com
Keyword(s): Luminance, Display
Copyright: © 2014 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

SMPTE RP 98:1995 [Active, Stabilized]
1 . Nezamabadi M. , The Effect of Image Size on the Color Appearance of Image Reproductions. PhD Thesis. Rochester Institute of Technology , 2008 . EXTERNAL
2 . Daly S. Kunkel T. and Farrell S. , “Using Image Dimension Dissection to Study Viewer Preferences of Luminance Range in Displayed Imagery,” in SID's IDW (International display Workshop), Sapporo, Japan , 2013 . EXTERNAL
4 . Daly S. Kunkel T. Sun X. Farrell S. , and Crum P. : “Viewer Prefereces for Shadow, Diffuse, Specular, and Emissive Luminance Limits of High Dynamic Range Displays,” SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers Volume 44 , Issue 1 , pages 563 – 566 June 2013 . EXTERNAL
6 . Daly S. Kunkel T. Sun X. Farrell S. and Crum P. : “Preference limits of the visual dynamic range for ultra high quality and aesthetic conveyance” . Proc. SPIE 8651 , Human Vision and Electronic Imaging XVIII, ( 2013 ). EXTERNAL
7 . Kunkel T. and Reinhard E. “A reassessment of the simultaneous dynamic range of the human visual system” . Proceedings of the 7 th Symposium on Applied Perception in Graphics and Visualization. 17 – 24 ( 2010 ). EXTERNAL
8 . Reinhard E. Heidrich W. Debevec P. Pattanaik S. Ward G. and Myszkowski K. : “High Dynamic Range Imaging, Second Edition: Acquisition, Display, and Image-Based Lighting” . Morgan-Kaufman ( 2010 ). EXTERNAL

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Suzanne Farrell, Timo Kunkel, and Scott Daly; A Cinema Luminance Range by the People, for the People: Viewer Preferences on Luminance Limits for a Large Screen Environment, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2014); SMPTE, 2014. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/M001584

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Suzanne Farrell, Timo Kunkel, and Scott Daly; A Cinema Luminance Range by the People, for the People: Viewer Preferences on Luminance Limits for a Large Screen Environment, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2014); SMPTE, 2014. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/M001584

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<span class="citation">Suzanne Farrell, Timo Kunkel, and Scott Daly; <cite>A Cinema Luminance Range by the People, for the People: Viewer Preferences on Luminance Limits for a Large Screen Environment</cite>, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2014); SMPTE, 2014. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/M001584" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/M001584</a></span>

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Suzanne Farrell, Timo Kunkel, and Scott Daly; <cite id="bib-10-5594-m001584">A Cinema Luminance Range by the People, for the People: Viewer Preferences on Luminance Limits for a Large Screen Environment</cite>, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2014); SMPTE, 2014
<span class="doi">10.5594/M001584</span>
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