Digital Audio Transmission Impairment and Link Failure: Test Data, and Recommendations for Improved Industry Standards and Reference Designs

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Publisher: SMPTE — White Plains, NY
Doc Type: Conference Paper
Content Type: Original Research
Volume: 2014, No. 10, pp. 1–22
Abstract: Broadcast and cinema applications for digital audio transmission with sample rates (FS) over 48 kHz (e.g. FM digital composite) have experienced signal dropouts and link failures over cables longer than 30 m. Engineers may assume that digital transmission works regardless of source, cable, destination or sample rate. The cables, interface ICs, EMI filters and components for digital audio transmission are designed according to AES-3-4, AES-2id-2012 and ANSI/SMPTE 276M-1995 standards. The paper presents field observations and test results for 100 m lengths of many types of balanced and unbalanced cables at FS 48-192 kHz, revealing huge variations in cable transmission and received spectra and eye-patterns. The author includes review and recommendations to update the standards for FS, rise times, bandwidths, eye pattern masks, and circuit designs, to apply to higher transmission rates. The result will be improved and more reliable signal transmission for all sample rates and cable lengths.
Publication Date: 2014-10-01
DOI: 10.5594/M001548
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/M001548
Author(s): Jon D. PaulScientific Conversion, Inc. California, USA, jonpaul@scientificonversion.com
Copyright: © 2014 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

SMPTE ST 276:1995 [Active, Stabilized]
AES-3-4-2009: AES standard for digital audio — Digital input-output interfacing — Serial transmission format for two-channel linearly-represented digital audio data — Part 4: Physical and electrical , Audio Engineering Society , New York, NY, US . EXTERNAL
AES-2id, AES information document for digital audio engineering – Guidelines for the use of the AES3 interface EXTERNAL
AES5-2008 AES recommended practice for professional digital audio — Preferred sampling frequencies for applications employing pulse-code modulation, Audio Engineering Society EXTERNAL
AES48-2005 ( r2010 ): AES standard on interconnections — Grounding and EMC practices — Shields of connectors in audio equipment containing active circuitry EXTERNAL
AES-X196: Use of AES3 with high sampling rates to carry multi-channel audio in AES3 EXTERNAL
IEC 60958, 2008 Digital audio interface, Part 2: Consumer applications, Part 4: Professional applications , IEC , Geneva, Switzerland EXTERNAL

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Jon D. Paul; Digital Audio Transmission Impairment and Link Failure: Test Data, and Recommendations for Improved Industry Standards and Reference Designs, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2014); SMPTE, 2014. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/M001548

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Jon D. Paul; Digital Audio Transmission Impairment and Link Failure: Test Data, and Recommendations for Improved Industry Standards and Reference Designs, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2014); SMPTE, 2014. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/M001548

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<span class="citation">Jon D. Paul; <cite>Digital Audio Transmission Impairment and Link Failure: Test Data, and Recommendations for Improved Industry Standards and Reference Designs</cite>, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2014); SMPTE, 2014. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/M001548" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/M001548</a></span>

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Jon D. Paul; <cite id="bib-10-5594-m001548">Digital Audio Transmission Impairment and Link Failure: Test Data, and Recommendations for Improved Industry Standards and Reference Designs</cite>, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2014); SMPTE, 2014
<span class="doi">10.5594/M001548</span>
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