1.25-inch 3-CMOS Multi-Functional High-Speed 8K Camera System

Metadata

Publisher: SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type: Journal Article
Content Type: Original Research
Abbreviated Title: SMPTE Mot. Imag. J
Volume: 129, No. 6, pp. 25–34
Abstract: We develop UHD-2/8K cameras capable of high-speed recording at 120 frames/sec or more to support the highest video format of ultrahigh definition television and for shooting slow-motion video. Previously, we developed a 1.25-in. 3-CMOS UHD-2/8K 240-frames/sec high-speed camera system capable of capturing smooth slow-motion video at one-fourth speed. In this article, we describe a multi-functional high-speed 8K camera system with significantly upgraded functionality, compared with the conventional UHD-2/8K 240 frames/sec camera system. The upgraded high-speed camera has three new features. The first feature is a 480-frames/sec shooting mode. With this, we achieved twice the frame frequency of a previously developed camera system by operating the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) at twice the speed in the image sensor and subsampling the image. The video signal was processed in GBR 4:2:0 format on conventional hardware and was output in YCbCr 4:2:0 format. The second feature is a 120-frames/sec random-noise-reduction shooting mode. We applied the multisampling technique to reduce the random noise caused by the readout circuit in the image sensor. This technique can improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the camera by approximately 4 dB. The third feature is a 120-frames/sec flicker reduction mode. We generated an image with an exposure time of 1/100 sec by combining three successive frames of short- (1/600 sec), long- (1/150 sec), and short-exposure-time images to suppress the 20-Hz flicker caused by illumination with a power line frequency of 50 Hz. From the experimental results, it was found that the flicker could be reduced to 1/10 or less.
Publication Date: 2020-07-01
DOI: 10.5594/JMI.2020.2991917
ISSN: Print: 1545-0279 | Electronic: 2160-2492
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2020.2991917
Author(s): Ryohei Funatsu
bio
Ryohei Funatsu received BE and ME degrees in electrical and electronic engineering from the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan, in 2000 and 2002, respectively. He joined Japan Broadcasting Corp. (NHK), Tokyo, in 2002. Since 2004, he has been engaged in research of ultrahigh-definition TV camera systems with the NHK Science & Technology Research Laboratories (STRL), Tokyo. He is a member of the Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers of Japan (ITE).
Toshio Yasue
bio
Toshio Yasue received BE and ME degrees in applied physics from the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan, in 2006 and 2008, respectively. In 2008, he joined NHK, Tokyo. He worked as a broadcast engineer from 2008 to 2012. Since 2012, he has been with the NHK STRL, Tokyo, where he has been engaged in research and development of image sensors and cameras for the 8K Super Hi-vision. He is a member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and ITE.
Kohei Tomioka
bio
Kohei Tomioka received BE and ME degrees in engineering science from Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, in 2011 and 2013, respectively. In 2013, he joined NHK, Tokyo, Japan. He worked as a broadcasting engineer from 2013 to 2016. Since 2016, he has been with the NHK STRL, Tokyo, engaged in research and development of image sensors and cameras for the 8K Super Hi-vision. He is a member of ITE.
Kodai Kikuchi
bio
Kodai Kikuchi received BE and ME degrees in electrical and electronic engineering from Chiba University, Chiba, Japan, in 2009 and 2011, respectively. He joined NHK, Tokyo, Japan, in 2011. Since 2013, he has been researching and developing video recorder systems with the NHK STRL, Tokyo. He is a member of ITE.
Tomoki Matsubara
bio
Tomoki Matsubara received BE and ME degrees in electrical and electronic engineering from the Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan, in 1999 and 2001, respectively. In 2001, he joined NHK, Tokyo. Since 2016, he has been working on research and development of 8K ultrahigh-definition television cameras and image sensors with the NHK STRL, Tokyo.
Keyword(s): UHD-2, Flicker Reduction, 480-fps, High-speed Camera, Noise Reduction, Slow-motion, UHDTV
Copyright: © 2020 SMPTE

Bibliographic Reference(s)

8K 240-Hz Full-Resolution High-Speed Camera and Slow-Motion Replay Server Systems [Active]
“FT-ONE-SS4K Full 4K Variable Frame Rate Camera,” Accessed: 20 May 2020. [Online]. Available: https://www.for-a.com/products/professional/8k4k_cameras.html EXTERNAL
K. Kitamura, T. Watabe, T. Sawamoto, T. Kosugi, T. Akahori, T. Iida, K. Isobe, T. Watanabe, H. Shimamoto, H. Ohtake, S. Aoyama, S. Kawahito and N. Egami, “A 33-Megapixel 120-Frames-Per-Second 2.5-Watt CMOS Image Sensor with Column-Parallel Two-Stage Cyclic Analog-to-Digital Converters,” IEEE Trans. Electron Devices, 59(12):3426–3433, Dec. 2012. EXTERNAL
T. Yasue, K. Tomioka, R. Funatsu, T. Nakamura, T. Yamasaki, H. Shimamoto, T. Kosugi, S. W. Jun, T. Watanabe, M. Nagase, T. Kitajima, S. Aoyama, and S. Kawahito, “A 2.1μm 33Mpixel CMOS Imager with Multi-Functional 3-Stage Pipeline ADC for 480 fps High-Speed Mode and 120 fps Low-Noise Mode,” IEEE Int. Solid-State Circuits Conf. (ISSCC) Dig. Tech. Paper, DS1 5.6, pp. 90–91, Jan. 2018. EXTERNAL
M. W. Seo, S. H. Suh, T. Iida, T. Takasawa, K. Isobe, T. Watanabe, S. Itoh, K. Yasutomi, and S. Kawahito, “A Low-Noise High Intrascene Dynamic Range CMOS Image Sensor with a 13 to 19b Variable-Resolution Column-Parallel Folding-Integration/Cyclic ADC,” IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, 47(1):272–283, Jan. 2012. EXTERNAL
“HDC-4800 UHFR 4K/HD Camera System,” Accessed: 20 May 2020. [Online]. Available: https://pro.sony/ue_US/products/4k-and-hd-camera-systems/hdc-4800 EXTERNAL
K. Tomioka, T. Yasue, R. Funatsu, T. Matsubara, T. Kosugi, S. W. Jun, T. Watanabe, M. Nagase, T. Kitajima, S. Aoyama, and S. Kawahito, “Noise Suppression Effect of Folding-Integration Applied to a Column-Parallel 3-Stage Pipeline ADC in a 2.1 μm 33-Megapixel CMOS Image Sensor,” Proc. Int. Symp. Electronic Imaging (IS&T) IMSE, p. 367, 2019. EXTERNAL
K. Kitamura, T. Yasue, T. Soeno, and H. Shimamoto, “Full-Specification 8K Camera System,” Proc. 2017 NAB BEC, pp. 266–271, Apr. 2016. Conclusion We have upgraded our 8K 240-frames/sec camera system by adding three new modes: 480-frames/sec shooting, 120-frames/sec random noise reduction shooting, and 120-frames/sec flicker reduction shooting. In the 480-frames/sec shooting mode, we captured 8K 480-frames/sec images without visible lag by operating the image sensor at double the normal speed. However, the SNR of 480-frames/sec images was degraded more than expected. Therefore, it is necessary to improve image sensor operation in the 480-frames/sec mode to obtain a reasonable image quality. We also confirmed the effectiveness of random noise reduction and flicker reduction in the 120-frames/ sec shooting mode. These image quality improvement functions can be applied to various video cameras and will be introduced in future 8K cameras as required functions. We will continue to improve the image quality of the 480-frames/sec images and utilize the camera system for various 8K content productions by using the newly added functions. (a) Current 120-fps shooting Time [Frame at 120-fps] 0.97 0.98 0.99 EXTERNAL
ITU-R BT.2020-2 [Active]
SMPTE ST 2036-1:2014 [Active, Stabilized]
SMPTE ST 2036-4:2015 [Superseded*]

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Ryohei Funatsu, Toshio Yasue, Kohei Tomioka, Kodai Kikuchi, and Tomoki Matsubara; 1.25-inch 3-CMOS Multi-Functional High-Speed 8K Camera System, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 129, Issue: 6, July 2020); SMPTE, 2020. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2020.2991917

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Ryohei Funatsu, Toshio Yasue, Kohei Tomioka, Kodai Kikuchi, and Tomoki Matsubara; 1.25-inch 3-CMOS Multi-Functional High-Speed 8K Camera System, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 129, Issue: 6, July 2020); SMPTE, 2020. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2020.2991917

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<span class="citation">Ryohei Funatsu, Toshio Yasue, Kohei Tomioka, Kodai Kikuchi, and Tomoki Matsubara; <cite>1.25-inch 3-CMOS Multi-Functional High-Speed 8K Camera System</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 129, Issue: 6, July 2020); SMPTE, 2020. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2020.2991917" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2020.2991917</a></span>

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Ryohei Funatsu, Toshio Yasue, Kohei Tomioka, Kodai Kikuchi, and Tomoki Matsubara; 1.25-inch 3-CMOS Multi-Functional High-Speed 8K Camera System, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 129, Issue: 6, July 2020); SMPTE, 2020
doi: 10.5594/JMI.2020.2991917
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2020.2991917

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Ryohei Funatsu, Toshio Yasue, Kohei Tomioka, Kodai Kikuchi, and Tomoki Matsubara; <cite id="bib-10-5594-jmi-2020-2991917">1.25-inch 3-CMOS Multi-Functional High-Speed 8K Camera System</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 129, Issue: 6, July 2020); SMPTE, 2020
<span class="doi">10.5594/JMI.2020.2991917</span>
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