Access Services for UHDTV: An Initial Investigation of W3C TTML2 Subtitles (Closed-Captions)

Metadata

Publisher: SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type: Journal Article
Content Type: Original Research
Abbreviated Title: SMPTE Mot. Imag. J
Volume: 127, No. 3, pp. 47–54
Abstract: Ultrahigh-definition television and high dynamic range (HDR) have been a focus of research for the past few years. However, only now is work starting on the provision of access services for such content. These services are used by a large minority of the audience (up to 25%) and legislation mandates their inclusion in many territories. The authors present work undertaken to verify the transform for use with hybrid log-gamma HDR video in Appendix P of the World Wide Web Consortium Timed Text Markup Language (W3C TTML) version 2 working draft specification, which is likely to be used for subtitling in traditional and Internet Protocol (IP) based video services. Further, they present test results investigating whether there is a perceived brightness variability for subtitles using the TTML conversions when displayed over different HDR video content. The authors present work undertaken to verify the transform for use with hybrid log-gamma HDR video in Appendix P of the World Wide Web Consortium Timed Text Markup Language (TTML) version 2 working draft specification.
Publication Date: 2018-04-01
DOI: 10.5594/JMI.2018.2798518
ISSN: Print: 1545-0279 | Electronic: 2160-2492
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2018.2798518
Author(s): Simon Thompson
Peter Cherriman
Keyword(s): Closed-captions, EBU-TT-D, HDR, HLG, ITU-R BT.2100, Subtitles, Video, W3C TTML2
Copyright: © 2018 SMPTE

Bibliographic Reference(s)

Conversion of Conventional Video Display for High Dynamic Range Televisions [Active]
ETSI EN 300 743 V1.6.1 [Active]
ETSI.TS-102-796 — European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI), TS 102 796, “Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV—Version 1.4.1,” Aug. 2016. EXTERNAL
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), “Timed Text Markup Language 2 (TTML2): Latest Editor’s Draft,” Aug. 2017. [Online]. Available: https://w3c.github.io/ttml2/spec/ttml2.html EXTERNAL
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), “TTML Profiles for Internet Media Subtitles and Captions 1.0 (IMSC1) Recommendation,” Apr. 2016. [Online]. Available: http://www.w3.org/TR/ttml-imsc1/ EXTERNAL
Digital Video Broadcasting Blue Book A174, “TTML Subtitling Systems,” Jul. 2017. EXTERNAL
M. Armstrong, “Automatic Recovery and Verification of Subtitles for Large Collections of Video Clips,” Presented at the IBC 2016 Conference, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Sept. 2016. EXTERNAL
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), “The amazing em unit and other best practices.” [Online]. Available: https://www.w3.org/Style/LieBos3e/em.en.html EXTERNAL
“The Communications Act,” Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London, 2003. EXTERNAL
N. Megitt, P. Lamieux, A. Tai, “EBU-TT-D and ISMC1: Converging TTML for Internet Distribution,” IBC, Sept. 2015. [Online]. Available: https://tech.ebu.ch/docs/events/IBC2015/EBU-TT-D_and_IMSC.pdf EXTERNAL
S. Kemp, “Subtitles, Sass and Sex: Why Foreign Programming Is Booming,” The Royal Television Society, London, Mar. 2016. EXTERNAL
British Broadcasting Corporation, “Subtitle Guidelines Version 1.1.4,” Dec. 2016. [Online]. Available: http://bbc.github.io/subtitle-guidelines/ EXTERNAL
Action on Hearing Loss, Hearing Loss Statistics. [Online]. Available: https://www.actiononhearingloss.org.uk/your-hearing/about-deafness-and-hearing-loss/statistics.aspx EXTERNAL
European Broadcasting Union (EBU) Recommendation Tech. 3320, “User Requirements for Video Monitors in Television Production Version 4.0,” Sept. 2014. EXTERNAL
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard 61966-2-1, “Multimedia Systems and Equipment— Colour Measurement and Management—Part 2-1: Colour Management—Default RGB Colour Space—sRGB,” Oct. 1999. EXTERNAL
European Broadcasting Union Recommendation Tech. 3380, “EBU-TT-D Subtitling Distribution Format Version 1.0,” Mar. 2015. [Online]. Available: https://tech.ebu.ch/publications/tech3380 EXTERNAL
ITU-R BT.709.6 [Active]
R-REC-BT.1082 — International Telecommunication Union - Radiocommunication (ITU-R), Recommendation BT.1082, “Studies Towards the Unification of Picture Assessment Methodology,” Jan. 1990. EXTERNAL
ITU-R BT.2020-2 [Active]
ITU-R BT.2100-2 [Active]
SMPTE ST 2052-1 [Active, Stabilized]

Source Data (JSON)

Full registry record with provenance metadata. Open directly: /api/doc/10.5594-JMI.2018.2798518.json

Reference Tree

Explore all references and references to this document, as a navigable tree.

Open Reference Tree

Reference this Doc

Plain text (ISO 690 compliant)

Preview:

Simon Thompson and Peter Cherriman; Access Services for UHDTV: An Initial Investigation of W3C TTML2 Subtitles (Closed-Captions), SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 127, Issue: 3, April 2018); SMPTE, 2018. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2018.2798518

Snippet:

Simon Thompson and Peter Cherriman; Access Services for UHDTV: An Initial Investigation of W3C TTML2 Subtitles (Closed-Captions), SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 127, Issue: 3, April 2018); SMPTE, 2018. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2018.2798518

HTML (ISO 690 compliant)

Preview:

Snippet:

<span class="citation">Simon Thompson and Peter Cherriman; <cite>Access Services for UHDTV: An Initial Investigation of W3C TTML2 Subtitles (Closed-Captions)</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 127, Issue: 3, April 2018); SMPTE, 2018. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2018.2798518" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2018.2798518</a></span>

SMPTE's HTML Pub

Preview:

Simon Thompson and Peter Cherriman; Access Services for UHDTV: An Initial Investigation of W3C TTML2 Subtitles (Closed-Captions), SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 127, Issue: 3, April 2018); SMPTE, 2018
doi: 10.5594/JMI.2018.2798518
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2018.2798518

Snippet:

<li>
Simon Thompson and Peter Cherriman; <cite id="bib-10-5594-jmi-2018-2798518">Access Services for UHDTV: An Initial Investigation of W3C TTML2 Subtitles (Closed-Captions)</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 127, Issue: 3, April 2018); SMPTE, 2018
<span class="doi">10.5594/JMI.2018.2798518</span>
</li>