Reexamining Compromises in Shoulder-Mount HDTV Camera-Recorder Systems

Metadata

Publisher: SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type: Journal Article
Content Type: Original Research
Abbreviated Title: SMPTE Mot. Imag. J
Volume: 117, No. 2, pp. 38–47
Abstract: Since the introduction of high-definition television (HDTV) cameras and recorders; imagers, microprocessors, integrated circuits, and encoding schemes have all advanced in pace with the IT industry. Meanwhile, HD production has become the rule rather than the exception, as HDTV standards have matured. Image acquisition innovations have recently been focused on either expanding the HD market with smaller and more affordable cameras or pursuing “Digital Cinematography,” which has inspired abandonment of the constraints of broadcast-type HD standards to emulate legacy 35mm film production and digital intermediary infrastructure. So what then can be accomplished with current technologies when they are applied to systems designed specifically for HD production and broadcast standards? In particular, what can be accomplished for the 2/3-in 3 CCD shoulder-mount camera recorder? Can compromises made years ago be renegotiated? Advanced encoding schemes and recording methods can obviate the need for horizontal pre-filtering and additional color sub-sampling typical of in-camera recorders. Bit depth reduction is no longer necessary, and full 10-bit sampling, which was once reserved for master recording, can now be employed in a shoulder-mount camera recorder; therefore a 1920 × 1080 10-bit video signal can be recorded at the full 1920 × 1080 10-bit quality. Communications with digital lenses enable optical performance improvements in lightweight electronic field-production (EFP) style lenses. Electronic and optical improvements can work together to approach the performance of more cumbersome lens architectures. This paper examines some of the performance penalties of the formerly necessary design compromises and outlines specific newly-available innovations that allow us to revisit these compromises. Specific innovations that are highlighted include the AVC-Intra 100 Mbit/sec compression (AVC Intra-Frame coding at a bit rate of 100 Mbits/sec), and electronic chromatic aberration correction (CAC) technologies.
Publication Date: 2008-03-01
DOI: 10.5594/J16002
ISSN: Print: 1545-0279 | Electronic: 2160-2492
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/J16002
Author(s): Michael Bergeron
bio
Michael Bergeron started in production as a film camera technician at Abel Cine Tech in New York, in 1991. He became service department manager in 1995, later serving as director of engineering from 1997 to 1999. After two years in research and development at Bell Laboratories and two more years with the New York University (NYU) physics department, he returned to broadcast/production in 2003 as HD camera product development engineer at Panasonic. While at Panasonic, Bergeron has been responsible for product development and support for HD system cameras and camcorders. At Abel, he was involved in the development and introduction of film cameras including the Aaton 35, XTR Prod, and A-Minima, and more recently with Panasonic, the AJ-HVX200, AJ-HDX900, AJ-HPX2000, AJ-HPX3000, and AK-HC1500 HD Box camera. Bergeron has authored several white papers and co-authored the camera chapter of the NAB Engineering manual. He is a member of SMPTE and the HPA, and holds a BS in physics from the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, and a MS in electrical engineering from New Jersey Institute of Technology.
Copyright: © 2008 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

1. DVCPRO HD—SMPTE 371M-2002—Television—(archived 2007) “6. 35-mm Type d-12 component format—digital recording at 100 Mbits/sec 1080/60i, 1080/50i, 720/60p,” www.smpte.org . EXTERNAL
2. HDCAM—SMPTE 367M-2002—Television— “Type D-11 Picture compression and data Stream format,” www.smpte.org . EXTERNAL
3. ITU-R Rec. BT 601–5, “Studio Encoding Parameters of Digital Television for Standard 4:3 and Wide-Screen 16:9 Aspect Ratios,” International Telecommunications Union. EXTERNAL
4. ITU-R Rec. BT 709–5, “Recommendation Parameter Values for the HDTV Standards for Production and International Programme Exchange,” International Telecommunications Union. EXTERNAL
5. ITU-T H.264, International Telecommunications Union—Video Coding Experts Group. EXTERNAL
6. ISO MPEG 4 Part 10 International Standards Organization—Motion Picture Experts Group. EXTERNAL
7. ITU-T H.264—FRExt Fidelity Range Extension Amendment to International Telecommunications Union H.264 Encoding Standard, ISO-MPEG 4 Part 10 FRExt-Fidelity Range Extension Amendment to International Standards Organization—Motion Picture Experts Group Standard 4. EXTERNAL
8. High 10 Profile (Hi10P)—Fidelity Range Extension Amendment to International Telecommunications Union H.264 Encoding Standard. EXTERNAL
9. High 4:2:2 Profile (Hi422P)—Fidelity Range Extension Amendment to International Telecommunications Union H.264 Encoding Standard. EXTERNAL

Source Data (JSON)

Full registry record with provenance metadata. Open directly: /api/doc/10.5594-J16002.json

Reference Tree

Explore all references and references to this document, as a navigable tree.

Open Reference Tree

Reference this Doc

Plain text (ISO 690 compliant)

Preview:

Michael Bergeron; Reexamining Compromises in Shoulder-Mount HDTV Camera-Recorder Systems, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 117, Issue: 2, March 2008); SMPTE, 2008. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J16002

Snippet:

Michael Bergeron; Reexamining Compromises in Shoulder-Mount HDTV Camera-Recorder Systems, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 117, Issue: 2, March 2008); SMPTE, 2008. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J16002

HTML (ISO 690 compliant)

Preview:

Snippet:

<span class="citation">Michael Bergeron; <cite>Reexamining Compromises in Shoulder-Mount HDTV Camera-Recorder Systems</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 117, Issue: 2, March 2008); SMPTE, 2008. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/J16002" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/J16002</a></span>

SMPTE's HTML Pub

Preview:

Michael Bergeron; Reexamining Compromises in Shoulder-Mount HDTV Camera-Recorder Systems, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 117, Issue: 2, March 2008); SMPTE, 2008
doi: 10.5594/J16002
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/J16002

Snippet:

<li>
Michael Bergeron; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j16002">Reexamining Compromises in Shoulder-Mount HDTV Camera-Recorder Systems</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 117, Issue: 2, March 2008); SMPTE, 2008
<span class="doi">10.5594/J16002</span>
</li>