Fast Transcoding of Compressed Bitstreams by Reusing Incoming Motion Vectors

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Publisher: SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type: Journal Article
Content Type: Original Research
Abbreviated Title: SMPTE J
Volume: 108, No. 8, pp. 568–574
Abstract: Transcoding will be an important activity in the digital studio. People will transcode MPEG-2 bitstreams to resize images, support progressive or interlaced receivers, optimize for editability or storage/transmission efficiency, etc. Transcoding involves decoding a bitstream, possibly modifying the decoded pictures, and re-encoding. Transcoding is expensive because encoding is expensive, and the major cost of encoding is motion estimation (ME). A program, Motion Vector Reuse by Extrapolation (MVREX), has been developed that reuses incoming motion vectors during transcoding. MVREX assumes that motion is linear, and extrapolates known motion from input macroblocks to output macroblocks (MBs), avoiding ME. MVREX has transcoded both progressive and interlaced video between different group of picture (GOP) structures, and supports all MPEG-2 prediction modes for frame pictures, except dual prime. In the cases examined, MVREX produces video with peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) within 1 dB of that produced by a full search, but with orders of magnitude less computation. MVREX continues to work well after multiple generations of transcoding and appears to be a promising approach to transcoding. After a brief review of MPEG-2, this paper describes the concept of motion extrapolation, derives basic formulas, and presents several results and observations.
Publication Date: 1999-08-01
DOI: 10.5594/J15678
ISSN: Print: 0036-1682
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/J15678
Author(s): Stuart J. GolinSarnoff Corp., Princeton, NJ 08543
bio
Stuart J. Golin has been active in digital video for about 15 years, concentrating on video coding. He invented the Production-Level Video codec of Intel's Digital Video Interactive (DVI) system. Its debut in 1987 was the first public demonstration of video playback from a CD-ROM on a PC. Golin recently joined Lucent Technologies, where he is participating in the development of Lucent's Digital Video products, which include realtime encoders for standard and high-definition television. Prior to that he was at Sarnoff Corp., where he studied video transcoding, which led to this paper, and video analysis. Golin received M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in physics from the University of Chicago. He holds 26 U.S. patents in digital video and related areas.
Copyright: © 1999 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

1. Bjõrk N. Christopoulos C. , “Transcoder Architectures for Video Coding,” IEEE Trans, on Consumer Electronics , Vol. 44 , No. 1 ( 1998 ). EXTERNAL
2. Robert P. , “Motion Compensating Interpolation Considering Occluding, Appearing and Disappearing Areas,” Signal Processing of HDTV, III , Yasuda H. Chiariglione L. (Eds.), Elsevier ( 1992 ). EXTERNAL
3. Bugwadia K. A. Petajan E. D. Puri N. N. , “Progressive-Scan Rate Up-Conversion of 24/30 Source Materials for HDTV,” IEEE Trans, on Consumer Electronics , Vol. 42 , No. 3 ( 1996 ). EXTERNAL
4. de Haan G. Bellers E. B. , “De-Interlacing of Video Data,” IEEE Trans, on Consumer Electronics , Vol. 43 , No. 3 ( 1997 ). EXTERNAL

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Stuart J. Golin; Fast Transcoding of Compressed Bitstreams by Reusing Incoming Motion Vectors, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 108, Issue: 8, August 1999); SMPTE, 1999. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J15678

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Stuart J. Golin; Fast Transcoding of Compressed Bitstreams by Reusing Incoming Motion Vectors, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 108, Issue: 8, August 1999); SMPTE, 1999. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J15678

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<span class="citation">Stuart J. Golin; <cite>Fast Transcoding of Compressed Bitstreams by Reusing Incoming Motion Vectors</cite>, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 108, Issue: 8, August 1999); SMPTE, 1999. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/J15678" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/J15678</a></span>

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Stuart J. Golin; Fast Transcoding of Compressed Bitstreams by Reusing Incoming Motion Vectors, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 108, Issue: 8, August 1999); SMPTE, 1999
doi: 10.5594/J15678
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/J15678

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Stuart J. Golin; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j15678">Fast Transcoding of Compressed Bitstreams by Reusing Incoming Motion Vectors</cite>, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 108, Issue: 8, August 1999); SMPTE, 1999
<span class="doi">10.5594/J15678</span>
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