API Registry JSON CSV exports Resources
Theme

Choose how MSRBot.io looks on this device.

Auto (match system) Light mode Dark mode

Preference is stored in this browser only.

Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 34, Issue: 4, April 1940)
[ACTIVE]

Effect of Aeration on the Photographic Properties of Developers

Metadata

Publisher
SMPTE
Doc Type
Journal Article
Article Type
research-article
Abstract
The object of this investigation was to ascertain the feasibility of using air as a means of agitating developing solutions by determining the effect of bubbling air through various commercially used developers on their photographic properties. Unseasoned elon-hydroquinone developers of relatively high alkalinity (pH 10.0 to 10.5) showed a rapid decrease in activity after aeration for 1 1/2 hours while elon-hydroquinone-borax developers of low alkalinity (pH 8.4 to 8.8) showed increased activity (due to the liberation of alkali resulting from oxidation) which then remained constant for prolonged periods. In general, the alkalinity of developers containing hydroquinone increased on aeration, while those containing only elon showed little change. Practical tests with processing machines equipped with air agitation devices have shown that very constant developing conditions can be maintained when suitably replenished.
Publication Date
1940-04-01
DOI
10.5594/J14629
Link
https://doi.org/10.5594/J14629
Author(s)
J. I. Crabtree, C. H. Schwingel
Source Data (JSON)

Full registry record with provenance metadata. Open directly: /api/doc/10.5594-J14629.json

Reference this Doc

Plain text (ISO 690 compliant)

Preview:
J. I. Crabtree and C. H. Schwingel; Effect of Aeration on the Photographic Properties of Developers, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 34, Issue: 4, April 1940); SMPTE, 1940. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J14629
Snippet:
J. I. Crabtree and C. H. Schwingel; Effect of Aeration on the Photographic Properties of Developers, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 34, Issue: 4, April 1940); SMPTE, 1940. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J14629

HTML (ISO 690 compliant)

Preview:
J. I. Crabtree and C. H. Schwingel; Effect of Aeration on the Photographic Properties of Developers, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 34, Issue: 4, April 1940); SMPTE, 1940. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J14629
Snippet:
<span class="citation">J. I. Crabtree and C. H. Schwingel; <cite>Effect of Aeration on the Photographic Properties of Developers</cite>, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 34, Issue: 4, April 1940); SMPTE, 1940. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/J14629" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/J14629</a></span>

SMPTE Icon SMPTE's HTML Pub

Preview:
J. I. Crabtree and C. H. Schwingel; Effect of Aeration on the Photographic Properties of Developers, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 34, Issue: 4, April 1940); SMPTE, 1940
doi: 10.5594/J14629
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/J14629
Snippet:
<li>
J. I. Crabtree and C. H. Schwingel; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j14629">Effect of Aeration on the Photographic Properties of Developers</cite>, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 34, Issue: 4, April 1940); SMPTE, 1940
<span class="doi">10.5594/J14629</span>
</li>