Treatment of Photographic Ferrocyanide-Type Bleach Solutions for Reuse and Disposal

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Publisher: SMPTE
Doc Type: Journal Article
Article Type: research-article
Abstract: Complex cyanides (ferrocyanide and ferricyanide) in industrial-waste water effluents impose a direct threat upon the environment. Methods to recover or destroy these compounds were evaluated in laboratory studies. The techniques tested include electrolysis, ozonation, chlorination and heavy metal ion precipitation. The study was conducted to determine the feasibility of using one or more of these methods to reduce the concentration of ferricyanide in both concentrated (10,000 to 100,000 mg/l) and dilute (10 to 100 mg/l) waste effluents. Ferrocyanide can be oxidized to ferricyanide in overflow photographic color process bleaches using either electrolysis or ozone and the regenerated waste bleach recirculated for reuse in the process. Dilute concentrations of ferricyanide can be destroyed using ozone or chlorine under the proper conditions of temperature, pH and catalyst addition. A cost analysis was made for the methods that were judged acceptable for commercial use. Cost data for each procedure are based upon an “average combined” photographic processor.
Publication Date: 1973-09-01
DOI: 10.5594/J06948
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/J06948
Author(s): Thomas N. Hendrickson, Louis G. Daignault

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Thomas N. Hendrickson and Louis G. Daignault; Treatment of Photographic Ferrocyanide-Type Bleach Solutions for Reuse and Disposal, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 82, Issue: 9, September 1973); SMPTE, 1973. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J06948

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Thomas N. Hendrickson and Louis G. Daignault; Treatment of Photographic Ferrocyanide-Type Bleach Solutions for Reuse and Disposal, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 82, Issue: 9, September 1973); SMPTE, 1973. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J06948

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<span class="citation">Thomas N. Hendrickson and Louis G. Daignault; <cite>Treatment of Photographic Ferrocyanide-Type Bleach Solutions for Reuse and Disposal</cite>, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 82, Issue: 9, September 1973); SMPTE, 1973. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/J06948" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/J06948</a></span>

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<li>
Thomas N. Hendrickson and Louis G. Daignault; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j06948">Treatment of Photographic Ferrocyanide-Type Bleach Solutions for Reuse and Disposal</cite>, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 82, Issue: 9, September 1973); SMPTE, 1973
<span class="doi">10.5594/J06948</span>
</li>