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Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 17, Issue: 4, October 1931)
[ACTIVE]

The Electrolytic Regeneration of Fixing Baths

Metadata

Publisher
SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type
Journal Article
Content Type
Original Research
Abbreviated Title
J SMPE
Volume
17, No. 4, pp. 568–590
Abstract
It has long been known that commercial fixing solutions containing hypo, sulfurous acid, and silver bromide can be electrolyzed between inert electrodes by very small currents. Attempts to increase the current density to practical amounts have caused discoloration of the hypo, ruining its utility. It has been found that suitable adjustment of the acidity and the sulfite content of the solution, combined with extremely rapid agitation, enables the silver to be plated at current densities varying from 2 to 10 amperes per square fool. Plating cells have been built comprising alternating elements of graphite anodes and stainless steel cathodes, 4 feet square, each presenting a total active surface of about 7 square feet. Thirteen pairs are used in a paraffined wood tank through the ends of which a stout stainless steel shaft is fastened. The shaft is covered with hard rubber and is furnished with spokes or paddles which rotate, four in number, in the spaces between the plates. Special water protected bearings have been developed to isolate the naked metal from the hypo solution at the gaskets on the box ends before the shaft meets the true suspension bearings. Five cells capable of handling 150 million feet of mixed positive and negative 35-mm. film each year have been installed in the new laboratory erected by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer at Culver City. A smaller installation of 3 cells is near completion at the Universal Studios, Hollywood. Further details of the erection and working of these plants will be published in a later paper.
Publication Date
1931-10-01
DOI
10.5594/J05572
ISSN
Print: 0097-5834
Link
https://doi.org/10.5594/J05572
Author(s)
K. Hickman
C. Sanford
W. WeyertsKodak Research Laboratories, Eastman Kodak Co., Rochester, N. Y.
Copyright
© 1931 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

  • 1 Crabtree J. I. Ross J. F. : Amer. Annual of Phot. , 41 ( 1926 ), p. 159 . EXTERNAL
  • 10 Langbein-Brannt : Electrodeposition of Metal , ( 1924 ) ( H. C. Baird & Co. ). EXTERNAL
  • 11 Bennett C. W. : Trans. Amer. Electrochem. Soc , 21 ( 1912 ), p. 245 . EXTERNAL
  • 12 Frary F. C. : Amer. Electrochem. Soc. , 23 ( 1913 ), p. 62 . Bennett C. W. : Trans. Amer. Electrochem. Soc , 23 ( 1913 ), p. 274 . EXTERNAL
  • 13 Mathers : Trans. Amer. Electrochem. Soc. , 31 ( 1911 ), p. 293 ; 26 (1914), p. 99. EXTERNAL
  • 14 Mathers : Trans. Amer. Electrochem. Soc. , 24 ( 1913 ), p. 315 . Kern and Capillon: Trans. Am. Electrochem. Soc. , 45 (1924), p. 409. EXTERNAL
  • 15 Bogue R. H. : “The Chemistry and Technology of Gelatin and Glue,” McGraw-Hill Book Co. ( 1922 ), p. 219 . EXTERNAL
  • 16 Pan L. C. : Bright Silver Plating from the Cyanide Bath (April 27, 1931 ). (Preprint, The Electrochemical Society .). EXTERNAL
  • 2 Hickman K. Hyndman D. : Trans. Soc. of Mot. Pict. Eng. , XI ( 1927 ), No. 32 , p. 699 . EXTERNAL
  • 3 Keller K. : Das Atelier (December, 1922 ), p. 90 . Novak, F.: Phot. Korr. , 55 (1918), p. 244. EXTERNAL
  • 4 Steigmann A. : Koll. Zeits. , 28 ( 1921 ), p. 175 ; Phot. Ind. (May 31, 1922), p. 493; Filmtechnik , 1 (1925), p. 316. EXTERNAL
  • 5 Kieser K. : Phot. Ind. ( 1923 ), p. 481 . EXTERNAL
  • 6 Wolter K. : Phot. Rund. (Kinotech. Sect.) , 62 ( 1925 ), p. 47 . Kieser, K.: Kinotechnisckes Jahrbuch (1922–23), p. 103. EXTERNAL
  • 7 Allmand Ellingham : Applied Electrochemistry ( 1924 ) ( E. Arnold ), p. 111 . EXTERNAL
  • 8 Thomas E. Dellisse V. : Compt. Rend. , 34 ( 1852 ), p. 556 . EXTERNAL
  • 9 Taylor H. S. : A Treatise on Physical Chemistry , p. 633 . Ostwald: Outlines of General Chemistry , p. 192. Walker, J.: Introduction to Physical Chemistry , p. 244. EXTERNAL
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K. Hickman, C. Sanford, and W. Weyerts; The Electrolytic Regeneration of Fixing Baths, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 17, Issue: 4, October 1931); SMPTE, 1931. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J05572
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K. Hickman, C. Sanford, and W. Weyerts; The Electrolytic Regeneration of Fixing Baths, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 17, Issue: 4, October 1931); SMPTE, 1931. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J05572

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K. Hickman, C. Sanford, and W. Weyerts; The Electrolytic Regeneration of Fixing Baths, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 17, Issue: 4, October 1931); SMPTE, 1931. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J05572
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<span class="citation">K. Hickman, C. Sanford, and W. Weyerts; <cite>The Electrolytic Regeneration of Fixing Baths</cite>, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 17, Issue: 4, October 1931); SMPTE, 1931. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/J05572" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/J05572</a></span>

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K. Hickman, C. Sanford, and W. Weyerts; The Electrolytic Regeneration of Fixing Baths, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 17, Issue: 4, October 1931); SMPTE, 1931
doi: 10.5594/J05572
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/J05572
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K. Hickman, C. Sanford, and W. Weyerts; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j05572">The Electrolytic Regeneration of Fixing Baths</cite>, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 17, Issue: 4, October 1931); SMPTE, 1931
<span class="doi">10.5594/J05572</span>
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