An Efficient Quality Metric for Video Frame Interpolation

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Publisher: SMPTE — Pasadena, CA
Doc Type: Conference Paper
Content Type: Original Research
Volume: 00, pp. 1–17
Abstract: Video Frame Interpolation (VFI) enhances temporal video quality for applications like slow-motion effects and broadcast frame-rate conversion. While modern VFI methods using optical flow and deep networks can handle complex motion and occlusions, evaluating interpolated content quality remains challenging. Traditional metrics like PSNR and SSIM ignore temporal information, while perceptual metrics like LPIPS focus only on spatial aspects, missing critical motion coherence that significantly affects perceived quality. Recent VFI-specific metrics like FloLPIPS incorporate optical flow errors to detect temporal inconsistencies but are computationally expensive (5.5× slower than LPIPS), limiting practical use in training or real-time assessment. Building on our previous work in motion picture restoration, we developed PSNR DIV , which uses vector field divergence to detect spatial irregularities in optical flow that indicate temporal inconsistencies. By weighting PSNR with this feature, we can identify problematic motion patterns, that most degrade perceptual quality in interpolated frames. PSNR DIV requires only one sequence's motion field, significantly reducing computational load. Evaluation on the BVI-VFI dataset (180 diverse sequences) shows statistically significant improvements over FloLPIPS: +0.09 Pearson Linear Correlation Coefficient, +0.05 Spearman Rank-Order Correlation Coefficient, and -1.38 Root Mean Squared Error improvement. It achieves these gains while being 2.5× faster and using 6× less memory, with consistent performance across content categories and robustness to different optical flow estimators.
Publication Date: 2025-10-13
ISBN: [object Object]
Author(s): Conall Daly
Darren Ramsook
Anil Kokaram
Keyword(s): Video Frame Interpolation Quality, Temporal Consistency Metrics
Copyright: © 2025 SMPTE

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<span class="citation">Conall Daly, Darren Ramsook, and Anil Kokaram; <cite>An Efficient Quality Metric for Video Frame Interpolation</cite>, MTS 2025, Article 19 (pp. 1 to 17); SMPTE, 2025, ISBN: [object Object]</span>

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Conall Daly, Darren Ramsook, and Anil Kokaram; <cite id="bib-978-1-61482-966-9-19">An Efficient Quality Metric for Video Frame Interpolation</cite>, MTS 2025, Article 19 (pp. 1 to 17); SMPTE, 2025, ISBN: [object Object]
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