A Nonconventional Approach to the Conversion of 2D Video and Film Content to Stereoscopic 3D
Metadata
- Publisher
- SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
- Doc Type
- Journal Article
- Content Type
- Original Research
- Abbreviated Title
- SMPTE Mot. Imag. J
- Volume
- 120, No. 4, pp. 41–48
- Abstract
- This paper presents a nonconventional approach and method for converting naturalistic (non–computer-generated) two-dimensional (2D) video and film material to Stereoscopic 3D. Experimental evidence is presented to show the efficacy of color-based surrogate depth maps for automatic 2D-to-3D conversion aimed at small-screen applications. A semiautomatic 2D-to-3D conversion system (CRC-DMEG), also based on surrogate depth maps, for the conversion of video and film content for commercial projection on large cinema screens is then presented. A major advantage of CRC-DMEG is that it exploits the correlation between the 2D color images and the surrogate depth maps to allow for direct manipulation of the depth of objects in a scene. Another major advantage is that it allows for instant realization of depth details, such as raindrops, foliage, and textures found in carpets. This approach and method minimizes the labor-intensive work associated with the conventional method of rotoscoping. Moreover, the manual task of filling in disoccluded regions is also significantly reduced.
- Publication Date
- 2011-05-01
- DOI
10.5594/j18043XY- ISSN
- Print:
1545-0279 - Link
- https://doi.org/10.5594/j18043XY
- Author(s)
- Carlos VazquezWa James Tam
- Copyright
- © 2011 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.
Bibliographic Reference(s)
- 1 Yamada K. Suehiro K. Nakamura H. , “Pseudo 3D Image Generation with Simple Depth Models,” International Conference on Consumer Electronics, Digest of Technical Papers , pp. 277 – 278 , Jan. 2005 . EXTERNAL
- 10 Tam W. J. Vázquez C. Speranza F. , “Three-Dimensional TV: A Novel Method for Generating Surrogate Depth Maps Using Colour Information,” Proc. SPIE Conference on Stereoscopic Displays and Applications XX , pp. 7237 – 7248 , Jan. 2009 . EXTERNAL
- 11 Tam W. J. Vázquez C. , “Method and Graphical User Interface for Modifying Depth Maps,” U.S. Patent Application No. 12 508 208, Jul. 23, 2009. EXTERNAL
- 12 Tam W. J. Vázquez C. , “Generation of a Depth Map from a Monoscopic Color Image for Rendering Stereoscopic Still and Video Images,” U.S. Patent Application No. 12 060 978, Apr. 2, 2008. EXTERNAL
- 13 Fehn C. , “Depth-Image–Based Rendering (DIBR), Compression and Transmission for a New Approach on 3D-TV,” Proc. SPIE Conference on Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems XI , 5291 : 93 – 104 , Jan. 2004 . EXTERNAL
- 14 Tam W. J. Stelmach L. B. Meegan D. Vincent A. , “Bandwidth Reduction for Stereoscopic Video Signals,” Proc. SPIE Conference on Stereoscopic Displays and Applications VII , 3957 : 33 – 40 , Jan. 2000 . EXTERNAL
- 15 Stelmach L. B. Tam W. J. Meegan D. Vincent A. , “Stereo Image Coding Based on Human Visual Characteristics: Mixed Resolution and Unequal Bit Allocation,” International Workshop on Synthetic-Natural Hybrid Coding and Three-Dimensional Imaging (IWSNHC3DI'99 ), Santorini, Greece , Sep. 1999 . EXTERNAL
- 16 Stelmach L. B. Tam W. J. Meegan D. , “Stereo Image Quality: Eff ects of Spatiotemporal Resolution,” Proc. Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems VI , 3639 : 4 – 11 , Jan. 1999 . EXTERNAL
- 17 ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29/WG11, Doc. ISO/IEC FDIS 23002-3:2007(E) , “Part 3: Representation of Auxiliary Video and Supplemental Information,” Jan. 2007 . EXTERNAL
- 18 Zhang L. Tam W. J. , “Stereoscopic Image Generation Based on Depth Images for 3D TV,” IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting , 51 ( 2 ): 191 – 199 , 2005 . EXTERNAL
- 19 Vázquez C. Tam W. J. Speranza F. , “Stereoscopic Imaging: Filling Disoccluded Areas in Image-Based Rendering,” Proc. SPIE Conference on 3D TV, Video, and Display (ITCOM ), 6392 : 0D1 – 0D12 , Oct. 2006 . EXTERNAL
- 2 Vázquez C. Tam W. J. , “CRC-CSDM: 2D-to-3D Conversion Using Colour-Based Surrogate Depth Maps,” Proc. IEEE 3D Systems and Applications Workshop 2010 , pp. 1194 – 1205 , May 2010 . EXTERNAL
- 3 Battiato S. Curti S. La Cascia M. Tortora M. Scordato E. , “Depth Map Generation by Image Classification,” Proc. SPIE Conference in Three-Dimensional Image Capture and Applications VI , vol. 5302 , pp. 95 – 104 , April 2004 . EXTERNAL
- 4 Geshwind David M. Handal Anthony H. U.S. Patent No. 4 925 294, May 15, 1990. EXTERNAL
- 5 Kaye M. C. Best C. J. L. , U.S. Patent No. 7 102 633, Sep. 5, 2006. EXTERNAL
- 6 Tauber Z. Ze-Nian L. Drew M. S. , “Review and Preview: Disocclusion by Inpainting for Image-Based Rendering,” IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. C Appl. Rev ., 37 ( 4 ): 527 – 540 , July 2007 . EXTERNAL
- 7 Harman P. Flack J. Fox S. Dowley M. , “Rapid 2D to 3D Conversion,” SPIE Conference on Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems IX , 4660 : 78 – 86 , 2002 . EXTERNAL
- 8 Tam W. J. Speranza F. Zhang L. , “Depth Map Generation for 3D-TV: Importance of Edge and Boundary Information,” in Advances in Three-Dimensional Television, Video and Display , pp. 153 – 181 , Springer : New York , 2009 . EXTERNAL
- 9 Tam W. J. Vázquez C. Speranza F. , “Surrogate Depth Maps for Stereoscopic Imaging: Diff erent Edge Types,” Proc. SPIE Conference on Stereoscopic Displays and Virtual Reality Systems XIV , 6490 : 0C1 – 0C9 , Jan. 2007 . EXTERNAL
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Carlos Vazquez and Wa James Tam; A Nonconventional Approach to the Conversion of 2D Video and Film Content to Stereoscopic 3D, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 120, Issue: 4, May 2011); SMPTE, 2011. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/j18043XY
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Carlos Vazquez and Wa James Tam; A Nonconventional Approach to the Conversion of 2D Video and Film Content to Stereoscopic 3D, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 120, Issue: 4, May 2011); SMPTE, 2011. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/j18043XY
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Carlos Vazquez and Wa James Tam; A Nonconventional Approach to the Conversion of 2D Video and Film Content to Stereoscopic 3D, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 120, Issue: 4, May 2011); SMPTE, 2011. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/j18043XY
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<span class="citation">Carlos Vazquez and Wa James Tam; <cite>A Nonconventional Approach to the Conversion of 2D Video and Film Content to Stereoscopic 3D</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 120, Issue: 4, May 2011); SMPTE, 2011. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/j18043XY" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/j18043XY</a></span>
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Carlos Vazquez and Wa James Tam; A Nonconventional Approach to the Conversion of 2D Video and Film Content to Stereoscopic 3D, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 120, Issue: 4, May 2011); SMPTE, 2011
doi: 10.5594/j18043XY
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/j18043XY
doi: 10.5594/j18043XY
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/j18043XY
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<li> Carlos Vazquez and Wa James Tam; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j18043xy">A Nonconventional Approach to the Conversion of 2D Video and Film Content to Stereoscopic 3D</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 120, Issue: 4, May 2011); SMPTE, 2011 <span class="doi">10.5594/j18043XY</span> </li>