Quantitative Evaluation and Attribute of Overall Brightness in a High Dynamic Range World

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Publisher: SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type: Conference Paper
Content Type: Original Research
Volume: 2018, No. 10, pp. 1–16
Abstract: Brightness is an attribute of visual perception to describe how intense the light entering the eye is. Since human perception is not linearly related to light intensity, characterizing brightness is a challenging task. In Standard Dynamic Range (SDR) imagery, brightness is often quantified using the Average Picture Level (APL) which is the average of all pixels' code values normalized by the maximum signal code value. APL provides a simple and commonly used brightness metric for SDR however its validity for High Dynamic Range (HDR) content has never been assessed. Due to the higher luminance range that HDR supports, HDR content are encoded using a different transfer function than SDR. Thus different distribution of pixel's code values is to be expected between HDR and SDR content. In this work, we evaluate the efficiency of the APL metric to quantify brightness of HDR content. We describe, using patches and professionally graded images, pixel's distribution where the APL fails to distinguish relative brightness between pair of images. To overcome APL shortcomings, we propose a brightness metric based on the geometric mean and variance of an image luma code values. We then conduct two subjective experiments to compare the efficiency of APL and our metric. Results show that the proposed metric predicts more accurately the relative brightness between two frames.
Publication Date: 2018-10-22
DOI: 10.5594/M001838
ISBN: Print: 978-1-61482-960-7
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/M001838
Author(s): Stelios PloumisUniversity of British Columbia
Ronan BoitardMTT Innovation / Barco
Jean-Philippe JacqueminBarco n.v.
Gerwin DambergMTT Innovation / Barco
Anders BallestadMTT Innovation / Barco
Panos NasiopoulosUniversity of British Columbia
Keyword(s): HDR, Image Attribute, Brightness
Copyright: © 2018 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

Perceptual Signal Coding for More Efficient Usage of Bit Codes [Active]
R. Boitard, M. T. Pourazad, P. Nasiopoulos, J. Slevinsky, "Demystifying high-dynamic-range technology: A new evolution in digital media,” IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine, 4 (4): 72-86, Oct. 2015. EXTERNAL
E. Reinhard, M. Stark, P. Shirley, and J. A. Ferwerda, “Photographic tone reproduction for digital images,” ACM Trans. Graph., 21 (3): 267-276, Jul. 2002. EXTERNAL
J. A. Ferwerda, S. N. Pattanaik, P. Shirley, and D. P. Greenberg, “A model of visual adaptation for realistic image synthesis,” in Proc. SIGGRAPH ’96. 249–258 1996. EXTERNAL
T. Borer, “BBC Research & Development White Paper WHP283,” 2014. EXTERNAL
R-REC-BT.1886-0 — Recommendation ITU-R BT.1886-0 (03/2011), Reference Electro-Optical Transfer Function for Flat Panel Displays Used in HDTV Studio Production, 2011 EXTERNAL
R-REC-BT.2022 — ITU-R Recommendation BT. 2022, “General Viewing Conditions for Subjective Assessment of Quality of SDTV and HDTV Television Pictures on Flat Display Panels,” International Telecommunications Union, Geneva, Switzerland, 2012. EXTERNAL
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Stelios Ploumis, Ronan Boitard, Jean-Philippe Jacquemin, Gerwin Damberg, Anders Ballestad, and Panos Nasiopoulos; Quantitative Evaluation and Attribute of Overall Brightness in a High Dynamic Range World, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2018); SMPTE, 2018, ISBN: 978-1-61482-960-7. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/M001838

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Stelios Ploumis, Ronan Boitard, Jean-Philippe Jacquemin, Gerwin Damberg, Anders Ballestad, and Panos Nasiopoulos; Quantitative Evaluation and Attribute of Overall Brightness in a High Dynamic Range World, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2018); SMPTE, 2018, ISBN: 978-1-61482-960-7. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/M001838

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<span class="citation">Stelios Ploumis, Ronan Boitard, Jean-Philippe Jacquemin, Gerwin Damberg, Anders Ballestad, and Panos Nasiopoulos; <cite>Quantitative Evaluation and Attribute of Overall Brightness in a High Dynamic Range World</cite>, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2018); SMPTE, 2018, ISBN: 978-1-61482-960-7. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/M001838" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/M001838</a></span>

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Stelios Ploumis, Ronan Boitard, Jean-Philippe Jacquemin, Gerwin Damberg, Anders Ballestad, and Panos Nasiopoulos; <cite id="bib-10-5594-m001838">Quantitative Evaluation and Attribute of Overall Brightness in a High Dynamic Range World</cite>, SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2018); SMPTE, 2018, ISBN: 978-1-61482-960-7
<span class="doi">10.5594/M001838</span>
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Referenced By

Viewers’ Tolerance to Brightness Transitions in Cinema [Active]