Low-Latency Server-Side Standards-Compliant HTTP Adaptive Streaming

Metadata

Publisher: SMPTE
Doc Type: Journal Article
Content Type: Original Research
Abbreviated Title: SMPTE Motion Imaging Jour.
Volume: 135, No. 5, pp. 21–27
Abstract: Video is frequently delivered over the internet using HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) adaptive streaming, in which clients make HTTP requests for short video segments, with an adaptive bitrate (ABR) algorithm selecting the quality to request for each segment. But this approach has limitations for live content, with end-to-end latency often 30–60 sec. We describe the containerized test system we have developed to evaluate the performance of an alternative architecture in which encoding and packaging, and client applications remain unchanged, but where QUIC (Quick UDP Internet Connections) is used instead of TCP (Transmission Control Protocol). The server runs an ABR algorithm tightly coupled to QUIC, using delivery parameters from QUIC to make ABR decisions, and instructing QUIC of the rate at which to deliver data. We present results showing that this approach is promising, enabling content to be delivered via adaptive bitrate streaming with consistent low latency while remaining fair to competing traffic.
Publication Date: 2026-09-01
DOI: 10.5594/JMI.2026/KJYI8219
ISSN: Print: 1545-0279 | Electronic: 2160-2492
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2026/KJYI8219
Author(s): M. E. Nilsson
P. Farrow
R. S. Turnbull
S. Appleby
Keyword(s): Streaming, ABR, Latency, QUIC, HTTP/3
Copyright: © 2026 SMPTE

Bibliographic Reference(s)

ISO.23000-19.2024 — International Organization for Standardization /International Electrotechnical Com-mission (ISO/IEC) 23000-19:2024, “Information technology -Multimedia application format (MPEG-A) - Part 19: Common media application format (CMAF) for segmented media.” [Online]. Available: https://www.iso.org/standard/85623.html. EXTERNAL
ISO.23009-1.2022 — International Organization for Standardization/International Electrical/International Electrotechnical Commission (ISO/IEC), ISO/IEC 23009-1:2022, “Information technology-Dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP (DASH)—Part 1: Media presentation description and segment formats,” Oct. 2022. EXTERNAL
Net Insight, True Live OTT: Synchronised, Low Latency. Solution Paper. [Online]. Available: https://netinsight.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/Solution-Paper_live_ott_170816.pdf. EXTERNAL
quic-go: A QUIC Implementation in Pure Go. Retrieved Jul. 9, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://github.com/quic-go/quic-go. EXTERNAL
Big Buck Bunny Test Sequence. [Online]. Available: https://peach.blender.org. EXTERNAL
IETF RFC 8216 [Active*]
IETF RFC 9000 [Active*]

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M. E. Nilsson, P. Farrow, R. S. Turnbull, and S. Appleby; Low-Latency Server-Side Standards-Compliant HTTP Adaptive Streaming, MIJ 2026, Volume 135, Number 5 (pp. 21 to 27); SMPTE, 2026. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2026/KJYI8219

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M. E. Nilsson, P. Farrow, R. S. Turnbull, and S. Appleby; Low-Latency Server-Side Standards-Compliant HTTP Adaptive Streaming, MIJ 2026, Volume 135, Number 5 (pp. 21 to 27); SMPTE, 2026. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2026/KJYI8219

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<span class="citation">M. E. Nilsson, P. Farrow, R. S. Turnbull, and S. Appleby; <cite>Low-Latency Server-Side Standards-Compliant HTTP Adaptive Streaming</cite>, MIJ 2026, Volume 135, Number 5 (pp. 21 to 27); SMPTE, 2026. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2026/KJYI8219" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2026/KJYI8219</a></span>

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M. E. Nilsson, P. Farrow, R. S. Turnbull, and S. Appleby; Low-Latency Server-Side Standards-Compliant HTTP Adaptive Streaming, MIJ 2026, Volume 135, Number 5 (pp. 21 to 27); SMPTE, 2026
doi: 10.5594/JMI.2026/KJYI8219
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2026/KJYI8219

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M. E. Nilsson, P. Farrow, R. S. Turnbull, and S. Appleby; <cite id="bib-10-5594-jmi-2026-kjyi8219">Low-Latency Server-Side Standards-Compliant HTTP Adaptive Streaming</cite>, MIJ 2026, Volume 135, Number 5 (pp. 21 to 27); SMPTE, 2026
<span class="doi">10.5594/JMI.2026/KJYI8219</span>
</li>