Block Size Matters: Subjective and Objective Quality Assessment of AV1 Repetitive Film Grain Pattern

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Publisher: SMPTE
Doc Type: Journal Article
Content Type: Original Research
Abbreviated Title: SMPTE Motion Imaging Jour.
Volume: 134, No. 5, pp. 67–75
Abstract: Film grain is a distinctive characteristic of analog film that contributes to the cinematic look of videos but reduces compression efficiency, making video distribution challenging-especially at low bitrates. AV1 film grain synthesis framework addresses this by separating and estimating film grain during encoding and reconstructing it during decoding. Film grain block size, as an important parameter of the framework, significantly impacts reconstruction quality, with larger sizes potentially causing noticeable repetitive patterns, degrading the viewing experience. In response, we propose a novel, first-of-its-kind perceptual quality assessment method to detect and penalize repetitive patterns efficiently, leveraging the characteristics of the human visual system. Our method normalizes the input frame, identifies its local similarities with grain templates to localize repetitive patterns, and utilizes perceptual pooling to score film grain pattern quality. We validate its effectiveness through a subjective experiment with expert viewers and further discuss its practical value for guiding improvements in AV1 film grain synthesis.
Publication Date: 2025-09-01
DOI: 10.5594/JMI.2025/MUNU2550
ISSN: Print: 1545-0279 | Electronic: 2160-2492
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2025/MUNU2550
Author(s): Armin Shafiee Sarvestani
Hojatollah Yeganeh
Keyword(s): Film Grain Quality Assessment, Film Grain Repetitive Pattern Detection
Copyright: © 2025 SMPTE

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Armin Shafiee Sarvestani and Hojatollah Yeganeh; Block Size Matters: Subjective and Objective Quality Assessment of AV1 Repetitive Film Grain Pattern, MIJ 2025, Volume 134, Number 5 (pp. 67 to 75); SMPTE, 2025. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2025/MUNU2550

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Armin Shafiee Sarvestani and Hojatollah Yeganeh; Block Size Matters: Subjective and Objective Quality Assessment of AV1 Repetitive Film Grain Pattern, MIJ 2025, Volume 134, Number 5 (pp. 67 to 75); SMPTE, 2025. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2025/MUNU2550

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<span class="citation">Armin Shafiee Sarvestani and Hojatollah Yeganeh; <cite>Block Size Matters: Subjective and Objective Quality Assessment of AV1 Repetitive Film Grain Pattern</cite>, MIJ 2025, Volume 134, Number 5 (pp. 67 to 75); SMPTE, 2025. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2025/MUNU2550" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2025/MUNU2550</a></span>

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Armin Shafiee Sarvestani and Hojatollah Yeganeh; Block Size Matters: Subjective and Objective Quality Assessment of AV1 Repetitive Film Grain Pattern, MIJ 2025, Volume 134, Number 5 (pp. 67 to 75); SMPTE, 2025
doi: 10.5594/JMI.2025/MUNU2550
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2025/MUNU2550

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<li>
Armin Shafiee Sarvestani and Hojatollah Yeganeh; <cite id="bib-10-5594-jmi-2025-munu2550">Block Size Matters: Subjective and Objective Quality Assessment of AV1 Repetitive Film Grain Pattern</cite>, MIJ 2025, Volume 134, Number 5 (pp. 67 to 75); SMPTE, 2025
<span class="doi">10.5594/JMI.2025/MUNU2550</span>
</li>