Evaluating the Energy Impact of Different Dimensions of UHD
Metadata
- Publisher
- SMPTE
- Doc Type
- Journal Article
- Content Type
- Original Research
- Abbreviated Title
- SMPTE Motion Imaging Jour.
- Volume
- 134, No. 4, pp. 71–77
- Abstract
- The Ultra High-Definition (UHD) standard introduces improvements in video quality across several dimensions. Although the first to be adopted commercially was the increase in resolution, features such as high frame rate and dynamic range, wide color gamut, and increased bit-depth offer important gains in the quality of experience of the end user. Nevertheless, each of these improvements comes with an associated cost in terms of storage, bandwidth, and energy consumption. In this paper, we first present key studies for evaluating the energy impact of streaming video and associated models. We then aim to quantify this cost for each UHD dimension, considering the distinct elements of an example streaming video chain and using concrete scenarios that combine different UHD features, an end-to-end model is employed to provide a comparative analysis. This allows us to evaluate the impact of each UHD characteristic and aid in guiding workflow choices for UHD content production and distribution.
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-01
- DOI
10.5594/JMI.2025/MBQP3310- ISSN
- Print:
1545-0279| Electronic:2160-2492 - Link
- https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2025/MBQP3310
- Author(s)
- Tania PouliKhaoula OunajimDaniel Menard
- Keyword(s)
- Energy Consumption, UHD Video, HDR, Sustainable Streaming
- Copyright
- © 2025 SMPTE
Bibliographic Reference(s)
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- The Shift Project, “Climate Crisis: The Unsustainable Use of Online Video-The Practical Case for Digital Sobriety,” Jul. 2019. EXTERNAL
- Greenspector, “The Impact of Playing a Canal+ Video - Study.” [Accessed: 20 May 2024]. [Online]. Available: https://greenspector.com/en/impact-playing-canal-video/. EXTERNAL
- The Carbon Trust, “Carbon Impact of Video Streaming.” [Accessed: 20 May 2024]. [Online]. Available: https://www.carbontrust.com/our-work-and-impact/guides-reports-and-tools/carbon-impact-of-video-streaming. EXTERNAL
- Stephen Makonin, Liane U. Marks, Radek Przedpelski, Armando Rodriquez-Silva, and Rania ElMallah, “Calculating the Carbon Footprint of Streaming Media: Beyond the Myth of Efficiency,” Proc. Eighth Workshop on Computing within Limits 2022, Vol. 1, Association for Computing Machinery, Jun. 2022. EXTERNAL
- Tuan K. Tan, Rukshan Weerakkody, Milan Mrak, Naeem Ramzan, Vittorio Baroncini, Jörn R. Ohm, “Video Quality Evaluation Methodology and Verification Testing of HEVC Compression Performance,” Ieee Trans. Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 76–90, Jan. 2016. EXTERNAL
- Simon Forrest and John Duvall, “Spotlight on HEVC: The Codec of Choice for the Video Streaming Industry.” [Accessed: 20 May 2024]. [Online]. Available: https://www.interdigital.com/white_papers/spotlight-on-hevc-the-codec-of-choice-for-the-video-streaming-industry. EXTERNAL
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- Daniel Schien, Vlad C. Coroama, Lorenz M. Hilty, and Chris Preist, “The Energy Intensity of the Internet: Edge and Core Networks,” in ICT Innovations for Sustainability, edited by Lorenz Hilty and Bernard Aebischer, Cham:Springer, 2015, pp. 157–170. [Accessed: 20 May 2024]. [Online]. Available: https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/110004/. EXTERNAL
- Vlad C. Coroama, Daniel Schien, Chris Preist, and Lorenz M. Hilty, “The Energy Intensity of the Internet: Home and Access Networks,” Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol. 310, pp. 137–155, 2015. [Accessed: 20 May 2024]. [Online] Available: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266968141_The_Energy_ln-tensity of the Internet Home and Access Networks. EXTERNAL
- Lotfi Belkhir and Ahmed Elmeligi, “Assessing ICT Global Emissions Footprint: Trends to 2040 & Recommendations,” Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 177, pp. 448–463. Mar. 2018. EXTERNAL
- International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), Technical Report 63449 - Dynamic Metadata High Dynamic Range Impacts on TV Power Consumption, 2023. [Accessed: 11 Jul. 2024]. [Online]. Available: https://webstore.iec.ch/en/publication/65621. EXTERNAL
- Simon Chandler, “Why TV Screens Are Getting Bigger and Bigger,” Forbes, 2018. [Accessed: 20 May 2024]. [Online]. Available: https://www.forbes.com/sites/si-monchandler/2019/08/27/why-tv-screens-are-getting-bigger-and-bigger. EXTERNAL
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Tania Pouli, Khaoula Ounajim, and Daniel Menard; Evaluating the Energy Impact of Different Dimensions of UHD, MIJ 2025, Volume 134, Number 4 (pp. 71 to 77); SMPTE, 2025. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2025/MBQP3310
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Tania Pouli, Khaoula Ounajim, and Daniel Menard; Evaluating the Energy Impact of Different Dimensions of UHD, MIJ 2025, Volume 134, Number 4 (pp. 71 to 77); SMPTE, 2025. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2025/MBQP3310
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Tania Pouli, Khaoula Ounajim, and Daniel Menard; Evaluating the Energy Impact of Different Dimensions of UHD, MIJ 2025, Volume 134, Number 4 (pp. 71 to 77); SMPTE, 2025. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2025/MBQP3310
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<span class="citation">Tania Pouli, Khaoula Ounajim, and Daniel Menard; <cite>Evaluating the Energy Impact of Different Dimensions of UHD</cite>, MIJ 2025, Volume 134, Number 4 (pp. 71 to 77); SMPTE, 2025. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2025/MBQP3310" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2025/MBQP3310</a></span>
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Tania Pouli, Khaoula Ounajim, and Daniel Menard; Evaluating the Energy Impact of Different Dimensions of UHD, MIJ 2025, Volume 134, Number 4 (pp. 71 to 77); SMPTE, 2025
doi: 10.5594/JMI.2025/MBQP3310
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2025/MBQP3310
doi: 10.5594/JMI.2025/MBQP3310
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2025/MBQP3310
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<li> Tania Pouli, Khaoula Ounajim, and Daniel Menard; <cite id="bib-10-5594-jmi-2025-mbqp3310">Evaluating the Energy Impact of Different Dimensions of UHD</cite>, MIJ 2025, Volume 134, Number 4 (pp. 71 to 77); SMPTE, 2025 <span class="doi">10.5594/JMI.2025/MBQP3310</span> </li>