Bit Rate Requirements for High Dynamic Range Video
Metadata
- Publisher
- SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
- Doc Type
- Journal Article
- Content Type
- Original Research
- Abbreviated Title
- SMPTE Mot. Imag. J
- Volume
- 125, No. 5, pp. 52–60
- Abstract
- High dynamic range (HDR) video can offer consumers a much improved viewing experience compared to current broadcast video. The dynamic range of current television images, referred to as standard dynamic range (SDR), is governed by cathode ray tube physics first documented about eighty years ago. The standards include the Electro-Optical Transfer Function (EOTF) and the Opto-Electrical Transfer Function (OETF), as defined in International Telecommunications Union Radiocommunication (ITU-R) Recommendations BT.1886 and ITU-R BT.709, respectively. Alternative transfer functions have been defined to support the transmission and rendering of HDR video signals. These transfer functions aim to provide perceptually uniform mapping of video signals to the higher luminance range of HDR displays while maintaining video signal bit depths used across current broadcast infrastructures. In consequence, these new transfer functions exhibit much higher non-linearity compared to the transfer functions used in today's SDR systems. This could lead to several implications, such as an increase in bit rates required to transmit HDR services; changes to the existing broadcast infrastructure, including graphics equipment and vision mixers; and the compatibility of HDR services with existing SDR displays. This paper studies the impact of such transfer functions on the efficiency of the video compression used for delivery to the final user. Results, in terms of compression efficiency and subjective picture quality, using single-layer High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC, also known as H.265 and MPEG-H Part 2) video compression algorithms are presented. This seeks to answer the question of what bit rates will be required to provide HDR services using existing video compression technology.
- Publication Date
- 2016-07-01
- DOI
10.5594/JMI.2016.2569920- ISSN
- Print:
1545-0279| Electronic:2160-2492 - Link
- https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2016.2569920
- Author(s)
- Lukasz LitwicOlie BaumannPhilip WhiteMatthew S. Goldman
- Keyword(s)
- Digital Video Broadcasting, HDR, Picture Quality, Video Compression
- Copyright
- © 2016 SMPTE
Bibliographic Reference(s)
- J. Ström, J. Samuelsson, and K. Dovstam, “Luma adjustment for high dynamic range video,” Proc. IEEE DCC, 2016, pp. 1–10. http://www.jacobstrom.com/publications/DCC_Strom_et_al.pdf. EXTERNAL
- Joint Collaborative Team on Video Coding (JCT-VC), 2015. HM Reference Software, https://hevc.hhi.fraunhofer.de/svn/svn_HEVCSoftware/tags/HM-16.2+SCM-3.0rc1/. EXTERNAL
- A. Segall, J. Zhao, J. Strom, M. Pettersson, and K. Andersson, AHG on HDR and WCG: Average Luma Controlled Adaptive dQP. JCTVC-W0054, 2016. EXTERNAL
- L. Litwic, O. Baumann, M. S. Goldman, and P. White, “Implications of high dynamic range on the broadcast chain for HD and ultra-HD content,” presented at the NAB Broadcast Engineering Conference Proceedings, Las Vegas, NV, Apr. 2015. EXTERNAL
- CableLabs, 4K Video, 2015, http://fourkay.cablelabs.com/video/lifting-off/. EXTERNAL
- Digital Cinema Initiatives, 2014. Standard Evaluation Material (StEM). EXTERNAL
- D. Malas, 4K TVs: Grasping for Consumers, 2014. EXTERNAL
- Industrial Light and Magic, Open EXR. http://www.openexr.com/ EXTERNAL
- J. Froelich, S. Gradinetti, B. Eberhardt, S. Walter, A. Schilling, and H. Brendel, “Creating cinematic wide gamut HDR-video for the evaluation of tone mapping operators and HDR-displays,” in Proc. SPIE 9023, Digital Photography X, pp. 1–10, Mar. 2014. EXTERNAL
- T. Jones, “Overcoming limited bandwidth: Using mezzanine feeds for transmission efficiencies,” presented at the NAB Broadcast Engineering Conference Proceedings, Las Vegas, NV, Apr. 2015. EXTERNAL
- A. Kouadio, UHDTV Next TV Standard: A Status Update, VidTrans, Feb. 2013, http://www.videoservicesforum.org/vidtrans/presentations/2013/Kouadio_EBU_UHDTV.pdf. EXTERNAL
- ARIB STD-B67, “Essential Parameter Values for the Extended Dynamic Range Television (EIDRTV) System for Programme Production,” Association of Radio Industries and Businesses, 2015. EXTERNAL
- A. Luthra, E. Francois, and W. Husak, Call for Evidence (CfE) for HDR and WCG Video Coding, Feb. 2015. ISO/IEC JTC1/ SC29/WG11 MPEG2014/N15083, http://mpeg.chiariglione.org/sites/default/files/files/standards/parts/docs/w15083.zip. EXTERNAL
- P. G. J. Barten, Contrast Sensitivity of the Human Eye and Its Effects on Image Quality.—SPIE Press: Bellingham, WA, 1999. EXTERNAL
- M. S. Goldman, O. Baumann, and L. Litwic, “The future of 4K ultra high definition TV-examining methods to acquire, exchange and distribute content,” Proc. NAB Broadcast Eng. Conf., Las Vegas, NV, Apr. 2014. EXTERNAL
- J. Samuelsson, Working Draft ISO/IEC TR 23008-14 Conversion and Coding Practices for HDR/WCG Video, 2016, ISO/IEC/JTC1/ SC29/WG11/N16063. EXTERNAL
- R-REC-BT.500-13 — Recommendation ITU-R BT.500-13, “Methodology for the Subjective Assessment of the Quality of Television Pictures,” International Telecommunication Union, Radiocommunication Sector, Geneva, 2012. EXTERNAL
- R-REC-BT.1886 — ITU-R Recommendation BT.1886 (03/2011), Reference Electro-Optical Transfer Function for Flat Panel Displays Used in HDTV Studio Production EXTERNAL
- ITU-R BT.2020-2 [Active]
- SMPTE ST 2084:2014 [Active, Stabilized]
- ITU-T REC H.265 [Active]
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Lukasz Litwic, Olie Baumann, Philip White, and Matthew S. Goldman; Bit Rate Requirements for High Dynamic Range Video, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 125, Issue: 5, July 2016); SMPTE, 2016. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2016.2569920
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Lukasz Litwic, Olie Baumann, Philip White, and Matthew S. Goldman; Bit Rate Requirements for High Dynamic Range Video, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 125, Issue: 5, July 2016); SMPTE, 2016. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2016.2569920
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Lukasz Litwic, Olie Baumann, Philip White, and Matthew S. Goldman; Bit Rate Requirements for High Dynamic Range Video, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 125, Issue: 5, July 2016); SMPTE, 2016. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2016.2569920
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<span class="citation">Lukasz Litwic, Olie Baumann, Philip White, and Matthew S. Goldman; <cite>Bit Rate Requirements for High Dynamic Range Video</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 125, Issue: 5, July 2016); SMPTE, 2016. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2016.2569920" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2016.2569920</a></span>
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Lukasz Litwic, Olie Baumann, Philip White, and Matthew S. Goldman; Bit Rate Requirements for High Dynamic Range Video, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 125, Issue: 5, July 2016); SMPTE, 2016
doi: 10.5594/JMI.2016.2569920
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2016.2569920
doi: 10.5594/JMI.2016.2569920
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2016.2569920
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<li> Lukasz Litwic, Olie Baumann, Philip White, and Matthew S. Goldman; <cite id="bib-10-5594-jmi-2016-2569920">Bit Rate Requirements for High Dynamic Range Video</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 125, Issue: 5, July 2016); SMPTE, 2016 <span class="doi">10.5594/JMI.2016.2569920</span> </li>