Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 39, Issue: 12, December 1942)

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A One-Ray System for Designing Spherical Condensers

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Publisher: SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type: Journal Article
Content Type: Original Research
Abbreviated Title: J SMPE
Volume: 39, No. 12, pp. 358–374
Abstract: A spherical condenser is a simple lens of relatively large aperture. The outer portions of such a lens focus the rays much nearer to the lens than do the center portions. As a result the lens as a whole fails to produce a sharp image. This defect of the lens is known as spherical aberration. While in the case of spherical aberration no sharp image is produced, an imagelike region of best focus does exist. This is known as the disk of least confusion. Its diameter may be minimized by shaping the lens so as to minimize spherical aberration. It is with this disk of least confusion and its required location that the designer of a spherical condenser must deal. Without a knowledge of the properties of the disk of least confusion a designer might compute rays through a large number of trial lenses until, by an extensive and costly trial-and-error process, a condenser, having the correct shape for minimal spherical aberration and the disk of least confusion at the required location, is obtained. The present paper examines some simple properties of the disk of least confusion. In consequence it shows how, by computing the course of a single ray through the proposed lens, a spherical condenser will result having the correct shape for minimizing spherical aberration, and the correct center thickness for its assumed diameter and edge thickness; and for which, finally, the location of the disk of least confusion is known. The method is applicable to condensers comprising more than one lens, and leads to the required design with a minimum of relatively simple trials.
Publication Date: 1942-12-01
DOI: 10.5594/J14285
ISSN: Print: 0097-5834
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/J14285
Author(s): L. T. Sachtleben
Copyright: © 1942 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

1 Conrady A. E. : “Applied Optics and Optical Design,” Part One, Oxford University Press , London ( 1929 ). EXTERNAL
10 In optical calculations it is common practice to write the characteristic of a logarithm as 9 (= 10–1), in place of , to avoid the use of negative characteristics. EXTERNAL
11 Logarithms of negative natural numbers are followed by a minus (−) sign. The result of a logarithmic computation is positive if an even number of such signs is involved, and is negative if an odd number is involved. EXTERNAL
12 Conrady A.E. : “Applied Optics and Optical Design,” Part One, p. 29 . EXTERNAL
2 Ibid. , p. 37 . EXTERNAL
3 Ibid. , p. 101 . EXTERNAL
4 Ibid. , pp. 120 – 122 . EXTERNAL
5 Ibid. , pp. 4 – 6 . EXTERNAL
6 Ibid. , pp. 25 – 26 . EXTERNAL
7 Ibid. , pp. 6 – 18 . EXTERNAL
8 Martin L. C. : “An Introduction to Applied Optics,” Vol. I , Sir Isaac Pitman and Sons, Ltd. , London ( 1930 ), pp. 16 – 20 . EXTERNAL
9 Hardy A. C. Perrin F. H. : “The Principles of Optics,” 1st ed. , McGraw-Hill Book Co. , New York ( 1932 ), pp. 34 – 41 . EXTERNAL

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L. T. Sachtleben; A One-Ray System for Designing Spherical Condensers, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 39, Issue: 12, December 1942); SMPTE, 1942. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J14285

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L. T. Sachtleben; A One-Ray System for Designing Spherical Condensers, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 39, Issue: 12, December 1942); SMPTE, 1942. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J14285

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<span class="citation">L. T. Sachtleben; <cite>A One-Ray System for Designing Spherical Condensers</cite>, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 39, Issue: 12, December 1942); SMPTE, 1942. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/J14285" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/J14285</a></span>

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L. T. Sachtleben; A One-Ray System for Designing Spherical Condensers, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 39, Issue: 12, December 1942); SMPTE, 1942
doi: 10.5594/J14285
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/J14285

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<li>
L. T. Sachtleben; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j14285">A One-Ray System for Designing Spherical Condensers</cite>, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 39, Issue: 12, December 1942); SMPTE, 1942
<span class="doi">10.5594/J14285</span>
</li>