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Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 82, Issue: 8, August 1973)
[ACTIVE]

PCM Encoded NTSC Color Television Subjective Tests

Metadata

Publisher
SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type
Journal Article
Content Type
Original Research
Abbreviated Title
J SMPTE
Volume
82, No. 8, pp. 649–654
Abstract
Digital television may effectively serve as the means to store, process and control color television signals within a broadcast plant. Pulse code modulation (PCM) involves the periodic amplitude sampling of a video signal and the conversion of each sample into a binary number of n bits. The PCM signal bit stream can be in n parallel channels or be time multiplexed into a single channel. In either case the total bit rate equals n times the encoding rate. We desire to minimize the bit rate in order to save circuit elements and bandwidth, consistent of course with acceptable picture quality. A series of subjective tests was conducted to determine the importance of various parameters when PCM encoding an NTSC, 525-line, 60-field, composite television signal. Among these parameters are: (1) the number of amplitude levels being sampled that, in turn, define the n-bit digital word; (2) the encoding rate, both locked and unlocked with respect to the 3.58-MHz color subcarrier; and (3) the role of dither consisting of coherent square waves and weighted noise. The test setup consisted of a color film camera, encoding rate generators, dither generators, A/D and D/A converters, color and monochrome monitors. A test panel of experienced viewers examined the pictures in a controlled environment and rated each picture on a stepped acceptance scale. We concluded that NTSC television pictures that had been encoded with 6 or more bits per codeword suffered negligible impairment. The encode rate should be phase coherent with the color subcarrier in order to avoid beats in the picture. Dither signals did not make any improvement in picture quality except to mask contours during 4- or 5-bit encoding.
Publication Date
1973-08-01
DOI
10.5594/J13463
ISSN
Print: 0361-4573
Link
https://doi.org/10.5594/J13463
Author(s)
A. A. GoldbergCBS Laboratories, High Ridge Rd., Stamford, CT 06905
Copyright
© 1973 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

  • 1. Devereux V. G. , Pulse Code Modulation of Video Signals: Subjective Study of Coding Parameters , BBC Research Dept. , Report No. 1971/40. EXTERNAL
  • 10. Limb J. O. , “Design of dither waveforms for quantized visual signals,” Bell System Tech., Jour. , 48 : 2555 – 2582 , Sept. 1969 . EXTERNAL
  • 11. Cutler C. C. , “Differential Quantization of Communication Signals,” U.S. Patent 2,605,361, July 29, 1952 . EXTERNAL
  • 2. Bhushan A. K. , “Experiments in coding color pictures,” Proceedings of the Symposium on Picture Bandwidth Compression, Massachusetts Inst. Tech. , 2 – 4 , April 1969 . EXTERNAL
  • 3. Goodall W. M. , “Television by pulse code modulation,” Bell System Tech. Jour. , 30 : 33 – 49 , Jan. 1951 . EXTERNAL
  • 4. Nyquist H. , “Certain factors affecting telegraph speed,” Bell System Tech. Jour. , 3 : 324 – 346 , Mar. 1924 . EXTERNAL
  • 5. Nyquist H. , “Certain topics in telegraph transmission theory,” pp. 617 – 644 , Trans. AIEE , April 1928 . EXTERNAL
  • 6. Golding L. S. Garlow R. K. , “Frequency interleaved sampling of a color television signal,” IEEE Trans. on Com. Tech. , 19 : No. 6 , 972 – 979 , Dec. 1971 . EXTERNAL
  • 7. Bennett W. R. , “Spectra of quantized signals,” Bell System Tech. Jour. , 27 : 446 – 471 , July 1948 . EXTERNAL
  • 8. Cattermole K. W. , Principles of Pulse Code Modulation , ( 1969 ) American Elsevier Publishing Co. , New York (pp. 128 – 129 ). EXTERNAL
  • 9. Roberts L. G. , “Picture coding using pseudorandom noise,” IEEE Trans. Information Theory , pp. 145 – 154 , Feb. 1962 . EXTERNAL
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A. A. Goldberg; PCM Encoded NTSC Color Television Subjective Tests, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 82, Issue: 8, August 1973); SMPTE, 1973. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J13463
Snippet:
A. A. Goldberg; PCM Encoded NTSC Color Television Subjective Tests, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 82, Issue: 8, August 1973); SMPTE, 1973. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J13463

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A. A. Goldberg; PCM Encoded NTSC Color Television Subjective Tests, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 82, Issue: 8, August 1973); SMPTE, 1973. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J13463
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<span class="citation">A. A. Goldberg; <cite>PCM Encoded NTSC Color Television Subjective Tests</cite>, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 82, Issue: 8, August 1973); SMPTE, 1973. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/J13463" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/J13463</a></span>

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A. A. Goldberg; PCM Encoded NTSC Color Television Subjective Tests, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 82, Issue: 8, August 1973); SMPTE, 1973
doi: 10.5594/J13463
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/J13463
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A. A. Goldberg; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j13463">PCM Encoded NTSC Color Television Subjective Tests</cite>, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 82, Issue: 8, August 1973); SMPTE, 1973
<span class="doi">10.5594/J13463</span>
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