Low Bit-Rate System for Digital Coding of the Television Picture

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Publisher: SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type: Journal Article
Content Type: Original Research
Abbreviated Title: J SMPTE
Volume: 88, No. 8, pp. 550–554
Abstract: System design of bit-rate reduction equipment for digital television involves striking a compromise between hardware cost and the cost of transmission or storage of the digital signal. This paper is concerned with “cascadable” systems, in which there is a small but definable loss of quality when the signal is first coded though there is no increase in degradation as it passes through further stages of digital coding. Bit-rate economy is sought by reducing the sampling frequency and the number of bits per sample; degradation due to analog to digital conversion is ignored and — for the sake of simplicity — the system input and output are assumed to be linear pulse-code-modulated signals of 8 bits per sample. Experimentation with various alternative systems has shown that for various reasons differential pulse code modulation (DPCM) is to be preferred, although in some cases its advantage is small. The discussion is in terms of the 625-line PAL signal, but many of the points made are applicable to other television standards. The effectiveness of DPCM coding is considered for the cases of 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D prediction, and the cascadability of such a system is considered in detail. Sub-Nyquist sampling is examined as an important bit-rate reduction system, and the necessary requirements of cascadability are studied in an attempt to identify the principles involved so that the technique may be extended. Experience gained with a system sampling at twice color subcarrier and using a 2-D system of filtering was employed to develop the theory of a 3-D system.
Publication Date: 1979-08-01
DOI: 10.5594/J13185
ISSN: Print: 0036-1682
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/J13185
Author(s): P. RaingerBroadcasting House, London, W1A 1AA. England
P. A. RatliffResearch Department, Kingswood Warren, Tadworth Surrey KT20 6NP, England.
Copyright: © 1979 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

Sub-Nyquist-Encoded PCM NTSC Color Television [Active]
1. Ratliff P. A. , “Bit-Rate Reduction for High-Quality Digital Television Transmission,” International Broadcasting Convention 78, IEE Conference Publication No. , 166, Sept. 1978 . EXTERNAL
2. Jones A. H. , “Digital Sound and Television Sampling-Rate Changing,” EBU Review 163, Technical : 127 – 136 , June 1977 . EXTERNAL
3. Weston M. A. , “A PAL/YUV Digital System for 623-Line International Connections,” EBU Review 163, Technical : 137 – 148 , June 1977 . EXTERNAL
4. Devereux V. G. Stott J. H. , “Digital Video: Sub-Nyquist Sampling of PAL Colour Signals,” Proc. IEE , 125 : 779 – 786 , Sept. 1978 . EXTERNAL
5. Nyquist H. , “Certain Topics in Telegraph Transmission Theory,” Trans. Amer. Inst. Elect. Engnrs. , 47 : 617 – 644 , Feb. 1928 . EXTERNAL
7. Devereux V. G. , “Differential Coding of PAL Video Signals Using Intra-Field Prediction,” Proc. IEE , 124 : 1139 – 1147 , Dec. 1977 . EXTERNAL

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P. Rainger and P. A. Ratliff; Low Bit-Rate System for Digital Coding of the Television Picture, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 88, Issue: 8, August 1979); SMPTE, 1979. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J13185

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P. Rainger and P. A. Ratliff; Low Bit-Rate System for Digital Coding of the Television Picture, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 88, Issue: 8, August 1979); SMPTE, 1979. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J13185

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<span class="citation">P. Rainger and P. A. Ratliff; <cite>Low Bit-Rate System for Digital Coding of the Television Picture</cite>, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 88, Issue: 8, August 1979); SMPTE, 1979. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/J13185" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/J13185</a></span>

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P. Rainger and P. A. Ratliff; Low Bit-Rate System for Digital Coding of the Television Picture, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 88, Issue: 8, August 1979); SMPTE, 1979
doi: 10.5594/J13185
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/J13185

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<li>
P. Rainger and P. A. Ratliff; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j13185">Low Bit-Rate System for Digital Coding of the Television Picture</cite>, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 88, Issue: 8, August 1979); SMPTE, 1979
<span class="doi">10.5594/J13185</span>
</li>