The Technical Basis of Photographic Speed Determination, or What is a Normal Exposure?

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Publisher: SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type: Journal Article
Content Type: Original Research
Abbreviated Title: J SMPTE
Volume: 88, No. 8, pp. 533–537
Abstract: This tutorial paper examines and explains the methods used to relate to sensitometry the exposure needed to achieve a particular level of picture quality, to arrive at general predictors of correct exposure. Several standard methods of specifying film speeds are discussed in this context. Some specific experimental data are introduced to explain the influence of image structure on speed determination of black-and-white and color films. The sensitometry of “pushed processing” is examined, to explain the exposure levels achieved. The use of films at exposure indices much higher than those derived from speed standards is also discussed. The treatment is intended to be general enough to apply to still and motion-picture photography using both reversal and negative-positive materials.
Publication Date: 1979-08-01
DOI: 10.5594/J13181
ISSN: Print: 0036-1682
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/J13181
Author(s): Daan M. ZwickEastman Kodak Company. Color Photography Division, Research Laboratories, Kodak Park, Rochester, NY 14650.
Copyright: © 1979 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

The Effect of Camera Exposure on the Tone-Reproduction Quality of Motion Pictures [Active]
1. Ferguson W. B. , Ed., The Photographic Researches of F. Hurter and V. C. Driffield , Royal Photogr. Soc. , London , 1920 . EXTERNAL
2. Mees C. E. K. , Ed., The Theory of the Photographic Process , Macmillan , New York 1942 . EXTERNAL
3. James T. H. , Ed., The Theory of the Photographic Process , 4th ed. , Macmillan , New York , 1977 . EXTERNAL
4. Jones L. A. , “The Evaluation of Negative Film Speeds in Terms of Print Quality,” J. Franklin Inst. , 227 : 297 – 311 , 1939 . EXTERNAL
5. Jones L. A. Condit H. R. , “The Brightness Scale of Exterior Scenes and the Computation of Correct Photographic Exposure,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. , 31 : 651 – 660 , 1941 . EXTERNAL
7. Jones L. A. Nelson C. N. , J. Opt. Soc. Am. , 30 : 93 – 98 , 1940 . EXTERNAL
8. Nelson C. N. , “Safety Factors in Camera Exposures,” Photogr. Sci. Eng. , 4 : 48 – 58 , 1960 . EXTERNAL
9. Cribbs T. , paper presented at the 119th Technical Conference SMPTE, October 1977 , Los Angeles, California. EXTERNAL

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Daan M. Zwick; The Technical Basis of Photographic Speed Determination, or What is a Normal Exposure?, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 88, Issue: 8, August 1979); SMPTE, 1979. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J13181

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Daan M. Zwick; The Technical Basis of Photographic Speed Determination, or What is a Normal Exposure?, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 88, Issue: 8, August 1979); SMPTE, 1979. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J13181

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<span class="citation">Daan M. Zwick; <cite>The Technical Basis of Photographic Speed Determination, or What is a Normal Exposure?</cite>, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 88, Issue: 8, August 1979); SMPTE, 1979. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/J13181" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/J13181</a></span>

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Daan M. Zwick; The Technical Basis of Photographic Speed Determination, or What is a Normal Exposure?, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 88, Issue: 8, August 1979); SMPTE, 1979
doi: 10.5594/J13181
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/J13181

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Daan M. Zwick; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j13181">The Technical Basis of Photographic Speed Determination, or What is a Normal Exposure?</cite>, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 88, Issue: 8, August 1979); SMPTE, 1979
<span class="doi">10.5594/J13181</span>
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Motion Pictures [Active]