Variations in Program Loudness and Strategies for Loudness Management

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Publisher: SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type: Journal Article
Content Type: Original Research
Abbreviated Title: SMPTE Mot. Imag. J
Volume: 119, No. 3, pp. 22–27
Abstract: Wide variations in program-to-program loudness form the basis of many viewer complaints. The first step toward a strategy for loudness management is an understanding of the problem and its magnitude. Television programs are typically delivered without a specification for loudness. As a result, the loudness of television programs can vary significantly. Some broadcast networks have requested that programs be delivered at a specified loudness. Have program producers been meeting the delivery specification? For programs delivered where loudness has not been specified, how much does loudness vary program-to-program? In this analysis, 77 primetime television programs were recorded for analysis to determine their loudness. Loudness was measured using the International Telecommunications Union (ITU-R)BS.17701 standard. The analysis shows how consistent loudness is for a network. For networks that specify a target loudness, the analysis shows how well the target is being met.
Publication Date: 2010-04-01
DOI: 10.5594/J11395
ISSN: Print: 1545-0279 | Electronic: 2160-2492
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/J11395
Author(s): Kenneth Hunold
Copyright: © 2010 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

1. ATSC: “ATSC Digital Television Standard, Part 5—AC-3 Audio System Characteristics,” Doc. A/53 Part 5:2007, Advanced Television Systems Committee , Washington, D.C. , Jan. 3, 2007 . EXTERNAL
2. Riedmiller J. C. Lyman S. Robinson C. , “Intelligent Program Loudness Measurement and Control: What Satisfies Listeners?” presented at the AES 115th Convention, New York, New York, Oct. 10–13, 2003 . EXTERNAL
3. ITU-R: Recommendation BS.1770–1, “Algorithms to Measure Audio Programme Loudness and True-Peak Audio Level,” International Telecommunications Union , Geneva , 2007 . EXTERNAL

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Kenneth Hunold; Variations in Program Loudness and Strategies for Loudness Management, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 119, Issue: 3, April 2010); SMPTE, 2010. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J11395

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Kenneth Hunold; Variations in Program Loudness and Strategies for Loudness Management, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 119, Issue: 3, April 2010); SMPTE, 2010. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J11395

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<span class="citation">Kenneth Hunold; <cite>Variations in Program Loudness and Strategies for Loudness Management</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 119, Issue: 3, April 2010); SMPTE, 2010. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/J11395" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/J11395</a></span>

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Kenneth Hunold; Variations in Program Loudness and Strategies for Loudness Management, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 119, Issue: 3, April 2010); SMPTE, 2010
doi: 10.5594/J11395
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/J11395

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<li>
Kenneth Hunold; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j11395">Variations in Program Loudness and Strategies for Loudness Management</cite>, SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 119, Issue: 3, April 2010); SMPTE, 2010
<span class="doi">10.5594/J11395</span>
</li>