Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 25, Issue: 6, December 1935)

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Uniformity in Photographic Development

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Publisher: SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type: Journal Article
Content Type: Original Research
Abbreviated Title: J SMPE
Volume: 25, No. 6, pp. 512–522
Abstract: The difficulties encountered in achieving a uniform degree of development from point to point upon a photographic surface and the reasons therefor are discussed. Various methods tried in an effort to realize uniformity in the development of plates and cut film are described. Continuous wiping of the surface of the film being developed is necessary to remove emerging reaction products sufficiently rapidly, and recommendation is made of the use of a series of jets of developer to achieve this without damage to the emulsion surface.
Publication Date: 1935-12-01
DOI: 10.5594/J08731
ISSN: Print: 0097-5834
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/J08731
Author(s): J. CrabtreeBell Telephone Laboratories, Inc., New York, N. Y.
Copyright: © 1935 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

1. Clark W. : “Standard Development,” Phot. J. , 65 (Feb., 1925 ), No. 2 , p. 76 . EXTERNAL
10. Otashiro T. : “On a Developing Apparatus with a Rotary Plate Holder,” Bull. Kirya Coll. (Japan) , (May, 1921 ). EXTERNAL
11. Callier A. : “Some Experiments in Photographic Research Work and in the Construction of Photometrical Instruments,” Phot. J. , 53 (Nov., 1913 ), No. 7 , p. 242 . EXTERNAL
12. Sheppard S. E. Elliott F. A. : “Influence of Stirring on Rate and Course of Development,” J. Franklin Inst. , 195 (Feb., 1923 ), No. 2 , p. 211 . EXTERNAL
13. Harrison D. N. Dobson G. M. B. : “Note on the Uniform Development of Photographic Plates,” Phot. J. , 65 (Feb., 1925 ), No. 2 , p. 89 . EXTERNAL
14. Sheppard S. E. Crouch H. : “A Machine for the Automatic Development of Sensitometric Strips,” Proc. 7th Internat. Cong. Phot. ( 1928 ), p. 201 . EXTERNAL
15. Crabtree J. : “Directional Effects in Continuous Film Processing,” J. Soc. Mot. Pict. Eng. , XVIII (Feb., 1932 ), No. 2 , p. 207 . EXTERNAL
16. Crabtree J. Waddell J. H. : “Directional Effects in Sound Film Processing—II,” J. Soc. Mot. Pict. Eng. , XXI (Nov., 1933 ), No. 5 , p. 351 . EXTERNAL
17. Koenig F. O. : “Effect of Mechanical Agitation on Electrical Potential,” J. Phys. Chem. , 39 (April, 1935 ), No. 4 , p. 455 . EXTERNAL
18. Davis H. S. Crandall G. S. : “The Role of the Liquid Stationary Film in Batch Absorptions of Gases,” J. Amer. Chem. Soc. , 52 (Oct., 1930 ), No. 10 , p. 3757 . EXTERNAL
2. Crabtree J. I. Ives C. E. : “Rack Marks and Airbell Markings on Motion Picture Film,” Trans. Soc. Mot. Pict. Eng. , IX ( 1925 ), No. 24 , p. 95 . EXTERNAL
3. Bullock E. R. : “On Convection Effects in Photographic Bathing Processes in the Absence of Agitation,” Brit. J. Phot. , 69 ( 1922 ), No. 3225 , p. 110 . EXTERNAL
4. Renwick F. F. : “Photographic Photometry and the Measurement of Densities,” Phot. J. , 52 (June, 1912 ), No. 6 , p. 254 . EXTERNAL
5. Bloch O. , “The Uniform Development of Dry Plates,” Phot. J. , 61 (Dec., 1921 ), No. 11 , p. 425 . EXTERNAL
6. Nietz A. H. : “Theory of Development,” Eastman Kodak Co. , 1922 . EXTERNAL
7. Mees C. E. K. Piper C. W. : “On the Fogging Powers of Developers,” Phot. J. , 52 (May, 1912 ), No. 5 , p. 221 . EXTERNAL
8. Sheppard S. E. Mees C. E. K. : “Investigations on the Theory of the Photographic Process,” Longmans, Green Co. , 1907 . EXTERNAL
9. Davis R. Walters F. M. Jr. : “Sensitometry of Photographic Materials,” Scientific Papers, U. S. Bur. of Stds. , 18 ( 1922 ), No. 436 , p. 1 . EXTERNAL

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J. Crabtree; Uniformity in Photographic Development, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 25, Issue: 6, December 1935); SMPTE, 1935. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J08731

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J. Crabtree; Uniformity in Photographic Development, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 25, Issue: 6, December 1935); SMPTE, 1935. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J08731

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<span class="citation">J. Crabtree; <cite>Uniformity in Photographic Development</cite>, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 25, Issue: 6, December 1935); SMPTE, 1935. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/J08731" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/J08731</a></span>

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J. Crabtree; Uniformity in Photographic Development, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 25, Issue: 6, December 1935); SMPTE, 1935
doi: 10.5594/J08731
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/J08731

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J. Crabtree; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j08731">Uniformity in Photographic Development</cite>, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 25, Issue: 6, December 1935); SMPTE, 1935
<span class="doi">10.5594/J08731</span>
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