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Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 80, Issue: 3, March 1971)
[ACTIVE]

Computer-Generated Key-Frame Animation

Metadata

Publisher
SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type
Journal Article
Content Type
Original Research
Abbreviated Title
J SMPTE
Volume
80, No. 3, pp. 149–153
Abstract
Special animation languages have been developed for specifying an image sequence to be generated by a computer. Although this approach to computer animation has provided some form of organization and control of the specification of image sequences, the computer remains out of reach to most animators because of the communication difficulty. An animator's ideas involve mainly pictures and their motion. Thus it is appropriate that the communication of ideas between the animator and the computer should be largely through pictures. An interactive computer-controlled graphical system allows the animator to develop pictorial sequences directly on a cathode-ray tube display, without forcing the animator to become a computer programer. The implementation of computer-generated key-frame animation is based on techniques that have been developed for conventional cel animation. Key frames are created and stored on a suitable medium such as digital magnetic tape or disc. In addition to the picture, information about the kind of motion and the number of frames from the previous key frame is specified. During playback of this sequence, the in-between frames are computed by interpolating between key frames and are displayed at the cine rate on the cathode-ray display. Thus previewing is available in seconds.
Publication Date
1971-03-01
DOI
10.5594/J07698
ISSN
Print: 0361-4573
Link
https://doi.org/10.5594/J07698
Author(s)
N. BurtnykData Systems Section, National Research Council of Canada, Montreal Rd., Ottawa 7, Canada
M. WeinData Systems Section, National Research Council of Canada, Montreal Rd., Ottawa 7, Canada
Copyright
© 1971 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

  • Computer Animation: A New Scientific and Educational Tool [Active]
  • 10. Pulfer J. K. , “Digital display hardware for man-machine communication studies,” Bull. of Canadian Information Processing Society , 8 : 18 , 1968 . EXTERNAL
  • 11. Burtnyk N. , “Three dimensional computer graphics,” Bull. Radio and Electrical Engineering Div. , National Research Council of Canada, 18 : 1 , 1968 . EXTERNAL
  • 12. English W. K. Engelbart D. C. Berman M. L. , “Display-selection techniques for text manipulation,” IEEE Trans. on Human Factors in Electronics , HFE-8 : 5 , Mar. 1967 . EXTERNAL
  • 13. Burtnyk N. Wein M. , Key-Frame Animation , 7.5-min 16mm sound film, 1970 . EXTERNAL
  • 14. Pulfer J. K. , “Man-machine interaction in creative applications,” to be published in Spring 1971 in the International Journal of Man-Machine Studies. EXTERNAL
  • 15. Burtnyk N. Cornellier P. Wein M. , Untitled 16mm sound film, 1970 . EXTERNAL
  • 2. Knowlton K. C. , “Computer produced movies,” Science , 150 : 1116 , Nov. 1965 . EXTERNAL
  • 3. Noll A. M. , “Computer-generated three-dimensional movies,” Computers and Automation , p. 20 , Nov. 1965 . EXTERNAL
  • 4. Knowlton K. C. , “A computer technique for producing animated movies,” AFIPS Conference Proceedings , 25 : 67 , 1964 . EXTERNAL
  • 5. Nolan J. Yarbrough L. , “An on-line computer drawing and animation system,” Proceedings of Conf. of International Federation of Information Processing ( IFIPS ), 1968 . EXTERNAL
  • 6. Weiner D. D. Anderson S. E. , “A computer animation movie language for educational motion pictures,” AFIPS Conference Proceedings , 33 : 1317 , 1968 . EXTERNAL
  • 7. Baecker R. , “Picture-driven animation,” AFIPS Conference Proceedings , 34 : 273 , 1969 . EXTERNAL
  • 8. Halas J. Manvell R. , The Technique of Film Animation , Focal Press , New York , 2d ed. , 1969 . EXTERNAL
  • 9. Madsen R. , Animated Film: Concepts, Methods, Uses , Interland Publishing Inc. , New York , 1969 . EXTERNAL
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N. Burtnyk and M. Wein; Computer-Generated Key-Frame Animation, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 80, Issue: 3, March 1971); SMPTE, 1971. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J07698
Snippet:
N. Burtnyk and M. Wein; Computer-Generated Key-Frame Animation, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 80, Issue: 3, March 1971); SMPTE, 1971. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J07698

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N. Burtnyk and M. Wein; Computer-Generated Key-Frame Animation, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 80, Issue: 3, March 1971); SMPTE, 1971. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J07698
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<span class="citation">N. Burtnyk and M. Wein; <cite>Computer-Generated Key-Frame Animation</cite>, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 80, Issue: 3, March 1971); SMPTE, 1971. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/J07698" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/J07698</a></span>

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N. Burtnyk and M. Wein; Computer-Generated Key-Frame Animation, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 80, Issue: 3, March 1971); SMPTE, 1971
doi: 10.5594/J07698
url: https://doi.org/10.5594/J07698
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N. Burtnyk and M. Wein; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j07698">Computer-Generated Key-Frame Animation</cite>, Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 80, Issue: 3, March 1971); SMPTE, 1971
<span class="doi">10.5594/J07698</span>
</li>