The use of Echo Time-Weighting to Derive Oscilloscope Graticules for Rating Television Transmission Performance

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Publisher: SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type: Journal Article
Content Type: Original Research
Abbreviated Title: J SMPTE
Volume: 85, No. 6, pp. 393–396
Abstract: Gain and phase deviations in the transmission path of a television signal above 300 kHz affect the smallest picture elements of the signal and may cause undesirable echoes and loss of resolution in the picture. This type of “short-time” distortion may be evaluated by waveform measurements using a test signal and an oscilloscope graticule. The test signal selected is the standard “sine-squared” step. The graticule design assumes transmission impairment to be subjectively equivalent to that of a single well-displaced echo of appropriate magnitude. Thus, the envelope of the sum of the test signal and its delayed echo define the graticule contours. The relative amplitude of the delayed echo is determined from the results of subjective single-echo time-weighting tests. The derivation of this envelope, while approximate, takes into account the rise time of the test signal and the normalization process that enters into adjusting the oscilloscope. The graticule as it is used applies directly to transmission impairments that give rise to single-echo distortion. Experience in using similarly derived graticules for visual-telephone testing indicates the method to be useful for multiple and smeared echo distortions.
Publication Date: 1976-06-01
DOI: 10.5594/J06821
ISSN: Print: 0036-1682
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/J06821
Author(s): Robert W. EdmondsBell Telephone Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ 07733
Copyright: © 1976 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

The Subjective Effects of Echoes in 525-Line Monochrome and NTSC Color Television and the Resulting Echo Time Weighting [Active]
1. Members of the Technical Staff of Bell Telephone Laboratories , Transmission Systems for Communications , 2nd Ed. , vol. 2 , Bell Telephone Laboratories, Inc. , New York , 1959 . EXTERNAL
2. Crater T. V. , “The Picturephone® System: Service Standards,” Bell System Tech. Jour. , 50 : 907 – 916 , Feb. 1972 . EXTERNAL
3. Schmid H. , “The measurement of short-time waveform distortion in NTSC TV facilities,” IEEE Trans. Broadcasting , BC-17 : 83 – 87 , Sept. 1971 . EXTERNAL
4. IEEE Trial-Use Standard on Video Signal Transmission: Measurement of Linear Waveform Distortion (IEEE Std. 511-1974). EXTERNAL

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Robert W. Edmonds; The use of Echo Time-Weighting to Derive Oscilloscope Graticules for Rating Television Transmission Performance, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 85, Issue: 6, June 1976); SMPTE, 1976. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J06821

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Robert W. Edmonds; The use of Echo Time-Weighting to Derive Oscilloscope Graticules for Rating Television Transmission Performance, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 85, Issue: 6, June 1976); SMPTE, 1976. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J06821

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<span class="citation">Robert W. Edmonds; <cite>The use of Echo Time-Weighting to Derive Oscilloscope Graticules for Rating Television Transmission Performance</cite>, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 85, Issue: 6, June 1976); SMPTE, 1976. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/J06821" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/J06821</a></span>

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Robert W. Edmonds; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j06821">The use of Echo Time-Weighting to Derive Oscilloscope Graticules for Rating Television Transmission Performance</cite>, SMPTE Journal ( Volume: 85, Issue: 6, June 1976); SMPTE, 1976
<span class="doi">10.5594/J06821</span>
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