Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 33, Issue: 12, December 1939)

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Optical Control of Wave-Shape and Amplitude Characteristics in Variable-Density Recording

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Publisher: SMPTE — White Plains, NY, USA
Doc Type: Journal Article
Content Type: Original Research
Abbreviated Title: J SMPE
Volume: 33, No. 12, pp. 650–663
Abstract: The use of the optical penumbra to obtain linear variable-intensity light-modulation has already been described. The present paper shows how to obtain non-linear penumbras having predetermined intensity-amplitude characteristics. By this means it is possible to compensate optically for non-linear relation between negative exposure and print transmission known to exist in the variable-density system. Variable-density noise-reduction has been obtained by moving the penumbra vane at right angles to the optical axis in accordance with the volume of the original sound. If a fixed penumbra vane is placed close to the movable vane, it forms an optical end-stop which limits the deflection of the penumbra after it has reached a predetermined position. The optical characteristics of penumbras formed by two displaced vanes are also shown. For a given amplitude of galvanometer-mirror vibration, the extent of the light-modulation is determined by the penumbra height at the recording slit. The penumbra height may be varied by moving the penumbra vane along the optical axis. Either compression or expansion of the sound volume obtained from a film record may be effected by causing the penumbra vane to move along the axis in accordance with the volume of the original sound. Such a system is described in detail. A combined system is also described which permits both noise-reduction and compression to be obtained by the use of a single shutter and noise-reduction amplifier.
Publication Date: 1939-12-01
DOI: 10.5594/J01260
ISSN: Print: 0097-5834
Link: https://doi.org/10.5594/J01260
Author(s): G. L. Dimmick
Copyright: © 1939 Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.

Bibliographic Reference(s)

1 Shea T. E. Herriot W. Goehner W. R. : “The Principles of the Light-Valve,” J. Soc. Mot. Pict. Eng. , XVIII (June, 1932 ), p. 697 . EXTERNAL
2 Frayne J. G. Scoville R. R. : “Analysis and Measurement of Distortion in Variable-Density Recording,” J. Soc. Mot. Pict. Eng. , XXXII (June, 1939 ), p. 648 . EXTERNAL
3 Sachtleben L. T. : “Characteristics of the Photophone Light-Modulating System,” J. Soc. Mot. Pict. Eng. , XXV (Aug., 1935 ), p. 175 . EXTERNAL
4 Dimmick G. L. : “The RCA Recording System and Its Adaptation to Various Types of Sound-Track,” J. Soc. Mot. Pict. Eng. , XXIX (Sept., 1937 ), p. 258 . EXTERNAL

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G. L. Dimmick; Optical Control of Wave-Shape and Amplitude Characteristics in Variable-Density Recording, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 33, Issue: 12, December 1939); SMPTE, 1939. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J01260

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G. L. Dimmick; Optical Control of Wave-Shape and Amplitude Characteristics in Variable-Density Recording, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 33, Issue: 12, December 1939); SMPTE, 1939. Available at https://doi.org/10.5594/J01260

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<span class="citation">G. L. Dimmick; <cite>Optical Control of Wave-Shape and Amplitude Characteristics in Variable-Density Recording</cite>, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 33, Issue: 12, December 1939); SMPTE, 1939. Available at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5594/J01260" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.5594/J01260</a></span>

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G. L. Dimmick; <cite id="bib-10-5594-j01260">Optical Control of Wave-Shape and Amplitude Characteristics in Variable-Density Recording</cite>, Journal of the Society of Motion Picture Engineers ( Volume: 33, Issue: 12, December 1939); SMPTE, 1939
<span class="doi">10.5594/J01260</span>
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History of Sound Motion Pictures [Active]