Researching and Restoring Pioneer Talking Pictures: The 70th Anniversary of the Theatrical Release of Kinetophone

Bibliographic Reference(s)

• 1. Rust Brian , “The Complete Entertainment Discography,” Arlington House , New Rochelle, N.Y. , 1973 , p. 373 . EXTERNAL
• 10. The Birth Of The Telephone , Vitaphone production #189, recorded June 2, 1926 , is information inscribed in the disk in the author's collection. EXTERNAL
• 11. The theater, previously known as the Hammerstein, is now the Ed Sullivan Theater, a major television production studio of Reeves Teletape, Inc. in New York City. EXTERNAL
• 12. In that era, Edison and Columbia disks were standardized at 80 rpm . Victor disks were supposed to have been cut at 78.26 rpm. EXTERNAL
• 13. The New York Times , April 13, 1921 , 20 : 2 . EXTERNAL
• 14. Many newspapers carried the story on Feb. 18, 1913; in addition to The New York Times , these included: The Chicago Record Herald The St. Louis Morning Star The New York Press The New York American The New York Evening Journal The Boston Morning Globe and Morning Post each reported the Boston openings at the Keith and National Theaters a week later, issues of Feb. 25, 1913 . EXTERNAL
• 15. Edison's penciled response to a letter from Wilfred A. French, Editor and Publisher of Photo-Era , stated that they had been working on the idea for 11 years, Sept. 2, 1910 . EXTERNAL
• 16. Letter from Frank L. Dyer, President of Thomas A. Edison Inc., to Reginald Cross of the Consolodated Gas, Light and Power Co. of Baltimore, Md., Oct. 30, 1911 . EXTERNAL
• 17. Ibid 9, p. 233 . EXTERNAL
• 18. The New York Times , Aug. 27, 1910 , p. 8 . The New York Times , Aug. 28, 1910, (editorial). Also, there is a cryptic memo dated August 26, 1910, that a “speaking picture” was scheduled for eight o'clock that night. EXTERNAL
• 19. Memo to Hutchinson from Kennedy, Feb. 20, 1914 , the Edison employee who was approached was a Mr. Hammond; this memo expressed great concern about Gaumont possibly overcoming their having to record close to the horn, which was regarded as Kinetophone's significant competitive advantage. EXTERNAL
• 2. “Phonograph” was coined by Edison, possibly derived from Leon Scott de Martinville's term “phonoautograph” to describe his cylinder system; “Gram-O-phone” was coined by Emile Berliner for his disk system. EXTERNAL
• 20. Listed in the 1907 Bridgeport Telephone Directory on file at The Bridgeport Public Library, Aug., 1982 . EXTERNAL
• 21. Memo to Dyer, May 4, 1909 . EXTERNAL
• 22. Memo from Dyer, Dec. 1, 1909 . EXTERNAL
• 23. Listed in the film production ledger. EXTERNAL
• 24. “Photophone” was used by RCA as a trademark 19 years later for its variable area system. EXTERNAL
• 25. Ibid, p. 17 . EXTERNAL
• 26. Ibid, p. 19 . EXTERNAL
• 27. Memo, May 27, 1913 . EXTERNAL
• 28. Phone conversation with Leah Burt, Museum Curator, Edison National Historie Site, Aug., 1982 . EXTERNAL
• 29. Koenigsberg Allen , “Edison Cylinder Records, 1889–1912,” Stellar Productions , New York City , pp. xxiii . EXTERNAL
• 3. J. SMPE , April 1941 . EXTERNAL
• 30. “Instructions on Operating The Kinetophone,” June 24, 1924 , evidently transcribed at that time from earlier handwritten drafts examined at the Site by the author. EXTERNAL
• 31. Memo from A.D. Kennedy to Miller Reese Hutchinson, May 21, 1914 . EXTERNAL
• 32. Undated memo from Hutchinson, probably late 1912 . EXTERNAL
• 33. The New York Times , Feb. 18, 1913 . EXTERNAL
• 34. Memo from Hutchinson , April 14, 1913 . EXTERNAL
• 35. Ibid, p. 34 . EXTERNAL
• 36. Memo from Hutchinson , April 15, 1913 . EXTERNAL
• 37. Memo from C.H. Wilson, Wetzel, & Waterman, Aug. 29, 1912 . EXTERNAL
• 38. Memoranda between Wetzel and Wilson , Nov. 1912 . EXTERNAL
• 39. Memo from Dyer to Apfel , April 25, 1912 . EXTERNAL
• 4. J. SMPE , April and May, 1947 . EXTERNAL
• 40. Ibid, p. 40 . Formerly the Orange Music Hall. The theater was located near the Edison Complex at the corner of Main and Day Streets. EXTERNAL
• 41. Memo from Horace Plimpton , Sept. 28, 1912 . EXTERNAL
• 42. Memo from Dyer , Oct. 1, 1912 . EXTERNAL
• 43. The New York Times , January 21, 1914 , p. 1 , confirmed by the production ledger. EXTERNAL
• 44. The New York Times , May 6, 1913 , p. 20 . confirmed by the production ledger. EXTERNAL
• 45. Phone conversation with Bruce Feinberg , The Mayor's Office Of Film, Theater, and Broadcasting , Jan. 1983 . EXTERNAL
• 46. Ibid, 32 . EXTERNAL
• 47. Letter to Charles Edison, probably from Hutchinson or Dyer , Feb. 13, 1913 . EXTERNAL
• 48. An original white embossed program for the Theater Royal , located at City Hall, Hong Kong, dated April 28, 1913 . EXTERNAL
• 49. The Hong Kong Telegraph , April 29, 1913 . EXTERNAL
• 5. J. SMPTE , June, July, and Aug., 1955 . EXTERNAL
• 50. Memo from Thomas Graf , undated, probably late summer, 1913 . EXTERNAL
• 51. Memo from J.W. Farrell to A.M. Kennedy, Dec. 12, 1916 . According to this memo, the Kineto-phonograph was by then driven by a 100-V ac motor. EXTERNAL
• 52. Mentioned in Finding His Voice , a synchronized animation film produced in 1929 by Max Fleischer for Western Electric. EXTERNAL
• 53. The production log indicates that two versions were done, on Dec. 7, 1912 , and Feb. 16, 1913. There seems to be no way of ascertaining which version this is. EXTERNAL
• 6. J. SMPE , Dec. 1933 . EXTERNAL
• 7. Ramsaye Terry , “A Million and One Nights,” Simon & Schuster , New York , 1926 , p. 839 . Ibid, p. 7 . EXTERNAL
• 8. Talbot Frederick A , “Motion Pictures, How They Are Made and Worked,” (Conquest Of Science Series), J.B. Lippincott , Philadelphia , 1923 , p. 230 . EXTERNAL
• 9. Three electronically recorded, laterally cut 16-in. 33 1/3 rpm shellac pressings dated Oct., 1924 , are in the Bell Laboratories Collection and have been examined by the author. EXTERNAL