{
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    "abstract": "The current Internet climate poses serious threats to the Domain Name System. In the interim period before the DNS protocol can be secured more fully, measures can already be taken to harden the DNS to make 'spoofing' a recursing nameserver many orders of magnitude harder. Even a cryptographically secured DNS benefits from having the ability to discard bogus responses quickly, as this potentially saves large amounts of computation. By describing certain behavior that has previously not been standardized, this document sets out how to make the DNS more resilient against accepting incorrect responses. This document updates RFC 2181. [STANDARDS-TRACK]",
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    "authors": [
      {
        "name": "Bert Hubert"
      },
      {
        "name": "Remco Mook"
      }
    ],
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      "confidence": "high",
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      "confidence": "high",
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      "originalValue": null,
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      "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
      "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
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    "docLabel": "IETF RFC 5452",
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      "confidence": "high",
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      "originalValue": null,
      "source": "resolved",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
      "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
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    "docNumber": "5452",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from RFC info page report metadata",
      "originalValue": null,
      "source": "parsed",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
      "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
      "version": "extractDocs.js@commit:fd871efde64d"
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    "docTitle": "Measures for Making DNS More Resilient against Forged Answers",
    "docTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from RFC index XML title",
      "originalValue": null,
      "source": "parsed",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
      "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
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    },
    "docType": "Standard",
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      "confidence": "high",
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      "source": "parsed",
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      "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
      "version": "extractDocs.js@commit:fd871efde64d"
    },
    "doi": "10.17487/RFC5452",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from RFC index XML doi",
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      "source": "resolved",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
      "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
      "version": "extractDocs.js@commit:fd871efde64d"
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    "href": "https://doi.org/10.17487/RFC5452",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Derived from DOI (https://doi.org/<doi>)",
      "originalValue": null,
      "source": "resolved",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
      "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
      "version": "extractDocs.js@commit:fd871efde64d"
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    "keywords": [
      "Spoofing"
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    "keywords$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from RFC index XML keywords",
      "originalValue": [
        "Spoofing",
        "Source Port",
        "Hardening"
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      "overridden": true,
      "source": "parsed",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
      "updated": "2026-10-14T15:56:17.162Z",
      "version": "extractDocs.js@commit:ca62cd19765f"
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    "pages": "18",
    "pages$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from RFC index XML page-count",
      "originalValue": null,
      "source": "parsed",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
      "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
      "version": "extractDocs.js@commit:fd871efde64d"
    },
    "publicationDate": "2009-01-01",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from RFC index XML date",
      "originalValue": null,
      "source": "parsed",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
      "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
      "version": "extractDocs.js@commit:fd871efde64d"
    },
    "publisher": "IETF",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Static: provider",
      "originalValue": null,
      "source": "parsed",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
      "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
      "version": "extractDocs.js@commit:fd871efde64d"
    },
    "references": {
      "bibliographic": [
        "RFC1123",
        "RFC3833",
        "RFC4301",
        "RFC4787",
        "RFC5358",
        "orphan/RFC5452/h:16743765"
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      "bibliographic$meta": {
        "confidence": "medium",
        "flag": "MIXED_REF_LAYOUT_RISK anchored=16 proseBlocks=20 skippedAnchorBlocks=18",
        "note": "Parsed from RFC HTML references/informative sections",
        "originalValue": [],
        "reviewRequired": true,
        "source": "parsed",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
        "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
        "version": "extractDocs.js@commit:fd871efde64d"
      },
      "normative": [
        "RFC1034",
        "RFC1035",
        "RFC2119",
        "RFC2181",
        "RFC2827",
        "RFC2845",
        "RFC3013",
        "RFC4033",
        "RFC4086",
        "RFC5321"
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      "normative$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from RFC HTML normative references sections",
        "originalValue": [],
        "source": "parsed",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
        "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
        "version": "extractDocs.js@commit:fd871efde64d"
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    "resolvedHref": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Final URL resolved via URL redirect verification",
      "originalValue": null,
      "source": "resolved",
      "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
      "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
      "version": "extractDocs.js@commit:fd871efde64d"
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        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Derived from supersession relationship fields",
        "originalValue": null,
        "source": "resolved",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
        "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
        "version": "extractDocs.js@commit:fd871efde64d"
      },
      "amends": [
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        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from RFC index XML",
        "originalValue": [],
        "source": "parsed",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
        "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
        "version": "extractDocs.js@commit:fd871efde64d"
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      "errataExist": false,
      "errataExist$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Derived from presence of errata links on RFC/Datatracker pages",
        "originalValue": null,
        "source": "parsed",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
        "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
        "version": "extractDocs.js@commit:fd871efde64d"
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      "latestVersion": true,
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        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Derived from supersession relationship fields",
        "originalValue": null,
        "source": "resolved",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
        "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
        "version": "extractDocs.js@commit:fd871efde64d"
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      "statusNote": "Proposed Standard",
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        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Mapped from Datatracker doc.json std_level",
        "originalValue": null,
        "source": "parsed",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
        "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
        "version": "extractDocs.js@commit:fd871efde64d"
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        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Derived from supersession relationship fields",
        "originalValue": null,
        "source": "resolved",
        "sourceUrl": "https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5452/",
        "updated": "2026-10-13T22:24:26.806Z",
        "version": "extractDocs.js@commit:fd871efde64d"
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