{ "$schema": "/api/schemas/documents.schema.json", "apiVersion": "1.0.0", "generatedAt": "2026-07-09T21:16:49.031Z", "sourcePath": "src/main/data/docs", "docId": "10.5594-M00538", "document": { "abstract": "The NTSC/FCC color specifications for the US (North American) television system are display dependent with a defined color gamut. Within a decade after the introduction of color, the industry found phosphor sets approximating the NTSC primaries inadequate for brightness and lag. A decision by the EBU to base their colorimetry on an average of modern phosphors was made and proposed as an international standard. It became necessary for the US to choose to develop corrective matrices to shift the modern phosphors used in studio color picture monitors to approximate NTSC or to change the colorimetry of the system. This paper documents the two decade background and justification leading to a choice of a standard set of non-NTSC chromaticaties commonly referred to as the SMPTE “C” set. It also introduces pending supporting documentation designed to improve color consistency and to develop methods for the critical review of program material.", "abstract$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptem/10.5594_M00538.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "authors": [ { "affiliation": "Past Chairman SMPTE T14.28 Eastman Kodak Co. Rochester, New York", "bio": "Roland Zavada is a standards director for imaging technologies in the corporate standards department of Eastman Kodak. His past responsibilities included coordinating the activities of the consumer and broadcast television evaluation laboratories. Currently, he is on assignment to assess current and future standards requirements in hybrid and emerging imagery technologies. Prior to his work in television and film-related activity, he had primarily worked in new product development. He was a principal member of the teams that developed the Instamatic system, the Super 8 system, and the Instant Photography system. He is a 1950 graduate of Purdue University with a bachelor of science degree. He also holds a degree in photo science from the Rochester Institute of Technology and a master's of business administration from the University of Rochester. He began his standards activity with the SMPTE in 1962, when he became a member of that society's Film Dimensions Committee. In 1966, he assumed responsibility for the National and International Standardization of the Super 8 system, becoming chairman of the SMPTE's 16 and 8 mm Technology Committee and chairman of the Super 8 Technology Committee of the ISO TC-36. In 1968, he became a member of the American Standards Institute's Photographic Society of America. In 1971, Mr. Zavada became leader of the United States delegation to ISO TC-36 - Cinematography, a post he continues to hold. He is chairman of the Joint ISO/IEC Steering Committee on Imagery. Mr. Zavada served for eight years as the Engineering Vice-President of the SMPTE. He is currently the chairman of the Image Technology Standards Board of the American National Standards Institute. In addition to receiving a Fellowship from SMPTE, Zavada has also received that honor from the British Kinematographic Sound and Television Society and the Audio Engineering Society. In 1985 Zavada received the SMPTE Progress Medal for Technical Achievement and was awarded the Leo East Award as Rochester's 1985 Engineer of the Year and the SMPTE's Agfa Gevaert Gold Medal for Outstanding Achievement in the film and video imaging interface field in 1986.", "name": "Roland J. Zavada" } ], "authors$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Object form (schema 2.3.0) migrated from string form via migrateAuthorsToObjectForm.js; bio/affiliation backfilled from _source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ NLM ++", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-06-23T00:04:25.562Z", "version": "authors-migrate-object-form@v1" }, "contentType": "orig-research", "contentType$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Canonical-confirmed full paper (summary-abstract set is orig-research in the SMPTE canonical repos); HIGHWIRE-era abstract label was a delivery artifact", "originalValue": "summary-abstract", "source": "resolved", "updated": "2026-07-09T19:12:47.628Z", "version": "contenttype-fixes@v1" }, "copyright": { "holder": "Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.", "holder$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptem/10.5594_M00538.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "year": "1988", "year$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptem/10.5594_M00538.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" } }, "copyright$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptem/10.5594_M00538.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "docId": "10.5594-M00538", "docId$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Derived from DOI 10.5594/M00538", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "docLabel": "SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( January 1988)", "docLabel$meta": { "confidence": "medium", "note": "Composed from venue title, volume/issue and date", "source": "inferred", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "docTitle": "Challenges to the Development of a Standardized Professional Studio Color Picture Monitor", "docTitle$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptem/10.5594_M00538.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "docType": "Conference Paper", "docType$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "NLM
— SMPTE conference paper", "source": "inferred", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "doi": "10.5594/M00538", "doi$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptem/10.5594_M00538.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "href": "https://doi.org/10.5594/M00538", "href$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Constructed from DOI 10.5594/M00538", "source": "inferred", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "number": "16", "number$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptem/10.5594_M00538.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "pages": "279–298", "pages$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptem/10.5594_M00538.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "publicationDate": "1988-01-01", "publicationDate$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Day absent in NLM source — padded to 01", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "publisher": "SMPTE", "publisher$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Normalised to registry \"SMPTE\" convention from NLM publisher-name (The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers)", "source": "inferred", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "publisherLocation": { "city": "White Plains, NY", "city$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptem/10.5594_M00538.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" } }, "publisherLocation$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptem/10.5594_M00538.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "resolvedHref": "https://journal.smpte.org/conferences/Television%20Technology%20in%20Transition:%2022nd%20Annual%20SMPTE%20Television%20Conference/22/", "resolvedHref$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Backfilled from url.validate report #resolvedHref", "originalValue": null, "source": "resolved", "updated": "2026-06-19T20:59:07.439Z" }, "status": { "active": true, "active$meta": { "confidence": "medium", "note": "No explicit status in NLM source — conference papers default active", "source": "inferred", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" } }, "volume": "1988", "volume$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptem/10.5594_M00538.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" } } }