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  "document": {
    "abstract": "While physical film prints are not widely used for motion picture distribution due to the industry's successful transition to digital cinema distribution, negative film and interpositive (IP) film are still frequently used as a source for motion picture releases in High Dynamic Range (HDR) and Standard Dynamic Range (SDR) formats. Modern productions that use film as the acquisition format typically scan the film negative in a film scanner and then use modern digital production processes such as visual effects, editing and color grading like modern digital camera workflows. Remastering projects leverage the thousands of film negatives and IPs that are stored in Hollywood studios' vaults to create new versions of older titles. IPs were created in traditional photochemical film workflows and are often available for use in remastering projects. — Film scanning is a critical step in both modern film production and remastering workflows as it converts the analog medium of film to a digital format. The film scanning process itself can introduce scanner noise into the digital image which has different characteristics than the more familiar film grain noise. Film grain noise is inherent in the physical film medium itself and its visibility and characteristics vary based on the film format and the type of film used. Filmmakers often consider the characteristics of film grain as a visual aesthetic that can be leveraged creatively to enhance the storytelling. Traditional photochemical film workflows that did not use film scanners also were impacted by film grain noise. — Scanning different types of film elements (e.g. negatives and IPs) in different film scanners with different scan settings can lead to different results. The visibility of these differences change when the scan is used to create an SDR Home Master or SDR Cinema release versus an HDR Home Master due to the increased luminance and contrast often associated with the HDR format. This paper quantifies these differences and explains the visual impact of film grain versus scanner noise with an emphasis on HDR video. Additionally, this paper describes our recent experiments with test films and presents visual examples of scanner noise and film grain noise.",
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      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
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    "authors": [
      {
        "affiliation": "Wavelet Consulting LLC, 321 N Pass Ave #145, Burbank, CA 91505",
        "name": "Michael D. Smith"
      },
      {
        "affiliation": "Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc., 4000 Warner Boulevard, Burbank, California 91522",
        "name": "Michael Zink"
      }
    ],
    "authors$meta": {
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      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
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    "contentType": "orig-research",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Conference Repository/Conference Papers/2019/8977456/8977457/08977599.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
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      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
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    "copyright": {
      "holder": "Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.",
      "holder$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Conference Repository/Conference Papers/2019/8977456/8977457/08977599.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
        "source": "parsed",
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        "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
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      "year": "2019",
      "year$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Conference Repository/Conference Papers/2019/8977456/8977457/08977599.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
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        "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
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      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Conference Repository/Conference Papers/2019/8977456/8977457/08977599.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
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      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
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    "docId": "10.5594-M001884",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Conference Repository/Conference Papers/2019/8977456/8977457/08977599.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
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      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
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    "docLabel": "SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2019)",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Conference Repository/Conference Papers/2019/8977456/8977457/08977599.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
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      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
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    "docTitle": "Film Grain and Film Scanner Noise in HDR Video",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Conference Repository/Conference Papers/2019/8977456/8977457/08977599.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
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      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
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    "docType": "Conference Paper",
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      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Conference Repository/Conference Papers/2019/8977456/8977457/08977599.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
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    "doi": "10.5594/M001884",
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      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
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    "href": "https://doi.org/10.5594/M001884",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Conference Repository/Conference Papers/2019/8977456/8977457/08977599.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
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      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
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    "journalTitle": "SMPTE 2019 Annual Technical Conference & Exhibition",
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    "keywords": [
      "Film",
      "Film Grain",
      "Scanner",
      "Film Negative",
      "Film Positive",
      "IP",
      "HDR",
      "Noise",
      "Visibility",
      "Contrast Sensitive Function"
    ],
    "keywords$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Conference Repository/Conference Papers/2019/8977456/8977457/08977599.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
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    "number": "10",
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    "pages": "1–28",
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      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
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    "publicationDate": "2019-10-21",
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      "source": "parsed",
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    "publisher": "SMPTE",
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      "city": "White Plains, NY",
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        "confidence": "high",
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        "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
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      "country": "USA",
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        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Conference Repository/Conference Papers/2019/8977456/8977457/08977599.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
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    "references": {
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        "note": "References parsed from the published PDF (Conference Repository/Conference Papers/2019/8977456/8977457/08977599.pdf). SMPTE's library delivery has no reference file or full text for this paper (src/main/reports/smpte-upstream/referenceFilesTruthTable.md). Cross-check: Crossref lists 6 reference(s) for this DOI; 6 parsed from the PDF.",
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    "volume": "2019",
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