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    "abstract": "When considering a higher contrast and luminance range in cinema, it's important to understand the limits of the Human Visual System (HVS) under cinema specific conditions. A user experiment with 36 participants was conducted in a cinema theatre. We assessed how the perceivable dynamic range evolved with different background gray levels and with the presence of local highlights in the image; how the size, position and intensity of these highlights affected the results. We found that the perceptual visibility of details in black depends greatly upon the image composition and the average luminance of a given image or image sequence. We found that in a fully dark frame the average person can detect black details down to 0.005 cd/m². However if a 0.25 cd/m² gray background in the central field of view is presented this rises to 0.009cd/m² and with a 2.5 cd/m² gray background the black level threshold further increases to 0.015cd/m². In addition to the limitations of the HVS one needs to consider the limitations of a theatrical projection setup where bright elements in the image via reflections on the walls, ceiling, floor, seats and audience contaminate the black elements of the image. Even with special precautions in our test design to reduce those effects with a factor 20, with the presence of very bright highlights they were still found to be significant.",
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    "authors": [
      {
        "affiliation": "Barco nv, Beneluxpark 21, B-8500 kortrijk",
        "name": "Dirk Maes"
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      {
        "affiliation": "Ghent University, Korte Meer 7-11, B-9000 Gent",
        "name": "Tine Vyvey"
      },
      {
        "affiliation": "Ghent University, Korte Meer 7-11, B-9000 Gent",
        "name": "Jan Van Looy"
      },
      {
        "affiliation": "Barco nv, Beneluxpark 21, B-8500 kortrijk",
        "name": "Bruno Vandevelde"
      },
      {
        "affiliation": "Barco nv, Beneluxpark 21, B-8500 kortrijk",
        "name": "Goran Stojmenovik"
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      "holder": "Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.",
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      "year": "2016",
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    "docId": "10.5594-M001727",
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      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Conference Repository/Conference Papers/2016/7819436/7819437/07819629.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
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    "docLabel": "SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2016)",
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    "docTitle": "The Perceived Intra-Frame Dynamic Range in a Cinema Environment",
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    "doi": "10.5594/M001727",
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    "isbn": {
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    "keywords": [
      "HDR",
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