{ "$schema": "/api/schemas/documents.schema.json", "apiVersion": "1.0.0", "generatedAt": "2026-07-09T21:16:49.031Z", "sourcePath": "src/main/data/docs", "docId": "10.5594-M001564", "document": { "abstract": "For decades motion picture production was locked into the 24 fps frame rate as the release standard for cinema exhibition, despite the shortcomings of that rate for representing movement of both the photographed subjects and the camera. With the advent of digital projection in theaters there are more frame rate options, as some recent movie releases have shown. Not only may movies be photographed and exhibited at higher rates, but the prospect of digital cinematography combined with digital projection has opened up the possibility of new filmmaking workflows, including the intentional decoupling of capture and display frame rates. By using a frame rate of 120 fps during original photography, DCP masters with frame rates of 24, 30, 40, and 60 frames/sec may be generated from the same source material. One might call this concept “oversampling motion,” and has many of the same benefits as does oversampling in audio processing. There are several additional benefits: the director can control the effective shutter angle thereby optimizing motion blur versus aliasing artifacts; decide whether to employ a slow motion effect, and if so how much – all in post-production. Additionally the method eliminates the need to implement 3-2 pulldown for subsequent broadcast or home video release. The method combines frames using a simple blending scheme and doesn't introduce the motion artifacts typical with frame rate conversion.", "abstract$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2014_10/smptem_2014_10.xml/10.5594_M001564.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "authors": [ { "affiliation": "Moving iMage Technologies 17760B Newhope Street Fountain Valley, CA 92708 David.richards@movingimagetech.com.", "name": "David Richards" } ], "authors$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Object form (schema 2.3.0) migrated from string form via migrateAuthorsToObjectForm.js; bio/affiliation backfilled from _source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ NLM ++", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-06-23T00:04:25.562Z", "version": "authors-migrate-object-form@v1" }, "contentType": "orig-research", "contentType$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Canonical-confirmed full paper (summary-abstract set is orig-research in the SMPTE canonical repos); HIGHWIRE-era abstract label was a delivery artifact", "originalValue": "summary-abstract", "source": "resolved", "updated": "2026-07-09T19:12:47.628Z", "version": "contenttype-fixes@v1" }, "copyright": { "holder": "Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.", "holder$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2014_10/smptem_2014_10.xml/10.5594_M001564.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "year": "2014", "year$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2014_10/smptem_2014_10.xml/10.5594_M001564.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" } }, "copyright$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2014_10/smptem_2014_10.xml/10.5594_M001564.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "docId": "10.5594-M001564", "docId$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Derived from DOI 10.5594/M001564", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "docLabel": "SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2014)", "docLabel$meta": { "confidence": "medium", "note": "Composed from venue title, volume/issue and date", "source": "inferred", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "docTitle": "120fps as a Universal Production Format for Motion Pictures", "docTitle$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2014_10/smptem_2014_10.xml/10.5594_M001564.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "docType": "Conference Paper", "docType$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "NLM
— SMPTE conference paper", "source": "inferred", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "doi": "10.5594/M001564", "doi$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2014_10/smptem_2014_10.xml/10.5594_M001564.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "href": "https://doi.org/10.5594/M001564", "href$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Constructed from DOI 10.5594/M001564", "source": "inferred", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "keywords": [ "Frame Rate", "HFR" ], "keywords$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Backfilled from SMPTE canonical repository index_terms, mapped through controlledKeywords + curated synonym folds (keywordVocabDecisions.json) (smpte-canonical-audit/canonicalLibrary.*.json)", "originalValue": null, "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-07-08T23:52:57.741Z", "version": "smpte-canonical-repo@v1" }, "number": "10", "number$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2014_10/smptem_2014_10.xml/10.5594_M001564.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "pages": "1–15", "pages$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2014_10/smptem_2014_10.xml/10.5594_M001564.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "publicationDate": "2014-10-01", "publicationDate$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Day absent in NLM source — padded to 01", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "publisher": "SMPTE", "publisher$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Normalised to registry \"SMPTE\" convention from NLM publisher-name (The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers)", "source": "inferred", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "publisherLocation": { "city": "White Plains, NY", "city$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2014_10/smptem_2014_10.xml/10.5594_M001564.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" } }, "publisherLocation$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2014_10/smptem_2014_10.xml/10.5594_M001564.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" }, "references": { "bibliographic": [ "orphan/10.5594-M001564/bibr1-J-SMSE0011-0001", "orphan/10.5594-M001564/bibr2-J-SMSE0011-0001", "orphan/10.5594-M001564/bibr3-J-SMSE0011-0001", "orphan/10.5594-M001564/bibr4-J-SMSE0011-0001" ], "bibliographic$meta": { "confidence": "medium", "note": "Extracted from NLM via extractSmpteConferenceRefs.js (precheck-reuse)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-07-06T20:02:43.384Z" } }, "resolvedHref": "https://journal.smpte.org/conferences/SMPTE%202014%20Annual%20Technical%20Conference%20&%20Exhibition/30/", "resolvedHref$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Backfilled from url.validate report #resolvedHref", "originalValue": null, "source": "resolved", "updated": "2026-06-19T20:59:07.438Z" }, "status": { "active": true, "active$meta": { "confidence": "medium", "note": "No explicit status in NLM source — conference papers default active", "source": "inferred", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" } }, "volume": "2014", "volume$meta": { "confidence": "high", "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2014_10/smptem_2014_10.xml/10.5594_M001564.xml)", "source": "parsed", "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z", "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1" } } }