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  "document": {
    "abstract": "New FCC regulations require closed captions from TV broadcasts to be available when these videos are delivered by Internet Protocol (IP), such as on the web and mobile devices. This presents a number of challenges in content authoring, asset management, and delivery. To address these challenges, SMPTE created a new specification called SMPTE 2052 (SMPTE Timed Text). This paper will discuss the new regulations and best practices for the different workflows involved, such as: file-based authoring of closed captions for broadcast and IP compatibility, translating existing CEA-608 and CEA-708 broadcast closed captions data into SMPTE 2052, common pitfalls and workarounds, and current SMPTE activities to help address these challenges.",
    "abstract$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Backfilled from SMPTE canonical repository (smpte-canonical-audit/canonicalLibrary.*.json)",
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    "authors": [
      {
        "name": "Jason Livingston"
      }
    ],
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      "confidence": "high",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Canonical-confirmed full paper (summary-abstract set is orig-research in the SMPTE canonical repos); HIGHWIRE-era abstract label was a delivery artifact",
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      "source": "resolved",
      "updated": "2026-07-09T19:12:47.628Z",
      "version": "contenttype-fixes@v1"
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    "copyright": {
      "holder": "Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.",
      "holder$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2012_10/10.5594_M001449.xml)",
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        "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
        "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1"
      },
      "year": "2012",
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        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2012_10/10.5594_M001449.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
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        "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1"
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2012_10/10.5594_M001449.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
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    "docId": "10.5594-M001449",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Derived from DOI 10.5594/M001449",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1"
    },
    "docLabel": "SMPTE Meetings and Conferences ( October 2012)",
    "docLabel$meta": {
      "confidence": "medium",
      "note": "Composed from venue title, volume/issue and date",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1"
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    "docTitle": "Closed Captioning Challenges for IP Video Delivery",
    "docTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2012_10/10.5594_M001449.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1"
    },
    "docType": "Conference Paper",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "NLM <article> — SMPTE conference paper",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1"
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    "doi": "10.5594/M001449",
    "doi$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2012_10/10.5594_M001449.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1"
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    "href": "https://doi.org/10.5594/M001449",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Constructed from DOI 10.5594/M001449",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1"
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    "number": "10",
    "number$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2012_10/10.5594_M001449.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1"
    },
    "pages": "1–9",
    "pages$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2012_10/10.5594_M001449.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1"
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    "publicationDate": "2012-10-01",
    "publicationDate$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Day absent in NLM source — padded to 01",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1"
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    "publisher": "SMPTE",
    "publisher$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Normalised to registry \"SMPTE\" convention from NLM publisher-name (The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers)",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1"
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      "city": "White Plains, NY",
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        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2012_10/10.5594_M001449.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
        "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1"
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    "publisherLocation$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2012_10/10.5594_M001449.xml)",
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      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1"
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    "resolvedHref": "https://journal.smpte.org/conferences/The%202012%20Annual%20Technical%20Conference%20&%20Exhibition/20/",
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      "confidence": "high",
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      "originalValue": null,
      "source": "resolved",
      "updated": "2026-06-19T20:59:07.438Z"
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    "status": {
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      "active$meta": {
        "confidence": "medium",
        "note": "No explicit status in NLM source — conference papers default active",
        "source": "inferred",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
        "version": "smpte-conference-paper-nlm@v1"
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    "volume": "2012",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ORIGINAL SAMPLES/Conferences/smptem_2012_10/10.5594_M001449.xml)",
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