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    "abstract": "The world's first commercial digital terrestrial television service will be launched in the UK in November 1998. The 6 multiplexes being launched will be providing a mix of free to air public service channels and new pay services which will be available to between 70 and 90% of the population within 1.5 years of launch. This paper will describe how the UK approached the spectrum planning and licensing of these services. The paper will highlight: The spectrum planning process. Criteria for licence award. Interoperability concerns (digital satellite, terrestrial and cable service accessibility). Ancillary service delivery (subtitling, Audio Description and Signing). The development of Open standard digital terrestrial television receivers.",
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    "authors": [
      {
        "affiliation": "Independent Television Commission, UK",
        "bio": "Gregory Bensberg is Head of Engineering Policy at the Independent Television Commission. His duties include responsibility for the management of the technical regulation of the ITC's terrestrial television licensees and the spectrum planning of all television services for the commercial television sector. He also works closely with other regulators, such as OFTEL and the OFT, on matters such as digital television licensing, ITV licence renewals, conditional access regulation and European Commission competition investigations. He is currently chairman of the Joint DTT frequency-planning project, a member of the DTG Steering Board and a member of the DVB Commercial Module.",
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    "docTitle": "Planning and Regulatory Progress for Digital Terrestrial Implementation in the UK",
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