{
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  "docId": "10.5594-JMI.2023.3241298",
  "document": {
    "abbrevTitle": "SMPTE Mot. Imag. J",
    "abbrevTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
    },
    "abstract": "A hybrid multicloud approach is needed to address the goals of broadcasters to commission and evolve scalable software-based broadcast systems composed of elements from diverse vendors, on commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware, avoiding lock-in at the facility and in the cloud. These software elements need to support common control, integration with enterprise management systems, and a sufficient level of automation. To this end, broadcast vendors’ software needs to run everywhere; use standards and open specifications for control and transport interoperability; support fine-grained resource allocation; and leverage information technology (IT) best practice, for example, for monitoring, security, and orchestration. An open-source container orchestration platform, virtualized infrastructure layers, and common software application programming interfaces (APIs) for control interoperability allow the vendor to focus where their value and revenue is—the application and user experience (UX). As a case study, a scalable edge platform was constructed for transcoding, artificial intelligence (AI) inference, and other video and audio processing. Multi-architecture, containerized, applications were deployed and managed with Kubernetes. This provides fine-grained allocation of hardware resources, including graphic- processing units (GPUs) and ST 2110-capable network interface controllers (NICs). Service discovery and connection management are achieved using the Networked Media Open Specifications (NMOS).",
    "abstract$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
    },
    "authors": [
      {
        "bio": "Thomas True is a senior applied engineer for professional video and image processing at NVIDIA’s Enterprise Solutions Group, Santa Clara, CA. In this role, he works at the intersection of video input/output (I/O) and the graphics processing unit (GPU) where he focuses on the integration of GPU and networking technologies into broadcast, video, and film applications ranging from previsualization to post-production and live-to-air. Before joining NVIDIA, he was an applications engineer at SGI, Mountain View, CA. He has an MS degree in computer science from the Graphics Laboratory, Brown University, Providence, RI, and a BS degree from the Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY. He has spoken on the application of the GPU in broadcast and post-production at the SMPTE Annual Technical Conference and SMPTE Section Meetings.",
        "name": "Thomas True",
        "orcid": "0000-0002-3051-7903"
      },
      {
        "bio": "Gareth Sylvester-Bradley is a principal engineer at NVIDIA, Santa Clara, CA, and currently serves as the chair of the Networked Media Open Specifications (NMOS) Architecture Review Group in the Advanced Media Workflow Association (AMWA). He focuses on building software toolkits and agile, collaborative industry specifications to deliver open, software-defined, hardware-accelerated media workflows for professional broadcast, live production, medical imaging, industrial video, and related ecosystems. He has contributed to all the AMWA NMOS specifications, maintains the AMWA NMOS testing tool, and was the lead for Sony’s open-source NMOS software implementation.",
        "name": "Gareth Sylvester-Bradley",
        "orcid": "0000-0002-2819-1158"
      }
    ],
    "authors$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
    },
    "contentType": "orig-research",
    "contentType$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
    },
    "copyright": {
      "holder": "SMPTE",
      "holder$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
        "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
      },
      "year": "2023",
      "year$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
        "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
      }
    },
    "copyright$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
    },
    "docId": "10.5594-JMI.2023.3241298",
    "docId$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
    },
    "docLabel": "SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 132, Issue: 2, March 2023)",
    "docLabel$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
    },
    "docTitle": "COTS (Commercial-off-the-Shelf) Platform for Media Production Everywhere",
    "docTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
    },
    "docType": "Journal Article",
    "docType$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
    },
    "doi": "10.5594/JMI.2023.3241298",
    "doi$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
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    "href": "https://doi.org/10.5594/JMI.2023.3241298",
    "href$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
    },
    "issn": {
      "electronic": "2160-2492",
      "electronic$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
        "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
      },
      "print": "1545-0279",
      "print$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
        "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
      }
    },
    "issn$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
    },
    "journalAcronym": "MIJR",
    "journalAcronym$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
    },
    "journalTitle": "SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal",
    "journalTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
    },
    "keywords": [
      "NMOS",
      "Containerization",
      "Data Processing Unit (DPU)",
      "Edge Computing",
      "GPU",
      "Hybrid",
      "Kubernetes",
      "Multicloud",
      "NIC",
      "Software-based Broadcast",
      "Virtualization",
      "ST 2110"
    ],
    "keywords$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
    },
    "number": "2",
    "number$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
    },
    "pages": "15–25",
    "pages$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
    },
    "publicationDate": "2023-03-01",
    "publicationDate$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
    },
    "publisher": "SMPTE",
    "publisher$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
    },
    "publisherLocation": {
      "city": "White Plains, NY",
      "city$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
        "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
      },
      "country": "USA",
      "country$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
        "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
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    },
    "publisherLocation$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
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    "references": {
      "bibliographic": [
        "10.5594-JMI.2022.3196726",
        "orphan/10.5594-JMI.2023.3241298/h:d3dd2ff3",
        "orphan/10.5594-JMI.2023.3241298/h:5a84c90c",
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        "orphan/10.5594-JMI.2023.3241298/h:93ab7fda",
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      "bibliographic$meta": {
        "confidence": "medium",
        "note": "References parsed from the published PDF (Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.pdf). SMPTE's library delivery has no reference file or full text for this paper (src/main/reports/smpte-upstream/referenceFilesTruthTable.md). Cross-check: Crossref lists 39 reference(s) for this DOI; 39 parsed from the PDF.",
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        "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
        "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
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    "volume": "132",
    "volume$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Ingested from SMPTE IDAMS <publication> (_source/SMPTE/Journal Article Repository/2023/7261654/10058710/10058738.xml) via idamsIngest.js",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-10-07T17:09:33.718Z",
      "version": "smpte-idams-publication@v1"
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}