{
  "$schema": "/api/schemas/documents.schema.json",
  "apiVersion": "1.0.0",
  "generatedAt": "2026-06-17T23:49:39.838Z",
  "sourcePath": "src/main/data/docs",
  "docId": "10.5594-J18115XY",
  "document": {
    "abbrevTitle": "J SMPTE",
    "abbrevTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "abstract": "“Optical Contrasters” are instruments which are particularly intended for the viewing or printing of very much underexposed photographic films or plates. The principle of these special photographic enlargers is that the light shall pass several times through the film, so that the contrast is approximately multiplied by the number of passages effected. In the Type A Contraster, the film is placed between two semireflecting plates, which are mounted at a very small angle to each other, and is illuminated by collimated light. The emerging light consists of beams which have passed the film one, three, five, or more times. The direction of each beam differs slightly from the others, so that it is possible to choose any one of the beams. In the Type B Contraster, the film image is re-formed on itself by means of an objective-mirror system. Several printing tests prove the efficiency of these instruments, which may lead to a systematic improvement of the performance of cameras or the utilization of accidentally underexposed negatives.",
    "abstract$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J18115.xml) · Cross-merged from same-article DOI twin 10.5594-J18115",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-06-17T22:53:45.290Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "articleType": "orig-research",
    "articleType$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "authors": [
      "Michel Cloupeau"
    ],
    "authors$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "copyright": {
      "holder": "Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.",
      "holder$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
      },
      "year": "1962",
      "year$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
      }
    },
    "copyright$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "docId": "10.5594-J18115XY",
    "docId$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Derived from DOI 10.5594/J18115XY",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "docLabel": "Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 71, Issue: 1A, 1962)",
    "docLabel$meta": {
      "confidence": "medium",
      "note": "Composed from journal title, volume, issue and date",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "docTitle": "Paper E–7: The Printing of Underexposed Photographs by Means of “Optical Contrasters”",
    "docTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "docType": "Journal Article",
    "docType$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "journal_metadata XML — SMPTE journal paper",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "doi": "10.5594/J18115XY",
    "doi$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "href": "https://doi.org/10.5594/J18115XY",
    "href$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Constructed from DOI 10.5594/J18115XY",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "issn": {
      "print": "0361-4573",
      "print$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
      }
    },
    "issn$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "journalAcronym": "MIJR",
    "journalAcronym$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "number": "1A",
    "number$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "pages": "240–244",
    "pages$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "publicationDate": "1962-01-01",
    "publicationDate$meta": {
      "confidence": "low",
      "note": "Month/day absent in source — padded to 01-01",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "publisher": "SMPTE",
    "publisher$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Normalised to registry \"SMPTE\" convention from publisher-name (SMPTE)",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "publisherLocation": {
      "city": "White Plains, NY",
      "city$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
      },
      "country": "USA",
      "country$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
      }
    },
    "publisherLocation$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "status": {
      "active": true,
      "active$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Mapped from article_status=\"active\"",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
      }
    },
    "volume": "71",
    "volume$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    }
  }
}