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  "docId": "10.5594-J18109XY",
  "document": {
    "abbrevTitle": "J SMPTE",
    "abbrevTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "abstract": "A number of new methods of high-speed photography are described. Part I: High-Speed Photography Using a Sectioned Lens — A lens has been cut into segments, spacing pieces have been inserted, and all these pieces have been mounted together as a compact assembly. This assembly produces a number of separate real images of the object. These images can be selected and recorded sequentially by the rotation near the assembly of a small disc in which is a suitable aperture. Three such cameras have been made and tested. Part II: High-Speed X-Ray Cinematography — Image dissection techniques have been considered. A small fiber optics image dissection camera has been built. It will take ten pictures in a sequence at rates up to 105/sec, using visible light. It is expected that it will be equally suitable for recording sequences of x-ray pictures at similar rates. Part III: A Fiber Optics Magnetooptic Shutter — This shutter offers many of the advantages of the usual magnetooptic shutters and avoids a number of their limitations. The inductance should be very small, and it should be possible to achieve exposure times in the millimicrosecond region. Part IV: Lenticular Plate Multiple Picture Shadowgraph Recording — New apparatus has been built using image dissection principles and spark illumination. It can take a sequence of twelve shadowgraphs each of exposure duration less than one microsecond, and with the intervals between successive pictures anything convenient from a few seconds to 2 μsec. The resolution is 600 lines across the field each way. An alternative system using lenticulated film allows one to take small pictures with a resolution of 25 lines/mm. A number of ways are described of unscrambling the composite records. Part V: An Improved Nipkow Disc Lenticular Plate Camera — This aperture scanning image dissection camera can take about 300 pictures in a sequence, at rates up to 105/sec, with a resolution above 550 lines across the field each way. It is most suitable for work at magnifications from 1: ∞ to 1:4. Part VI: Some Uses of Optical Masers in Photography — The extraordinary brilliance of a focused maser beam makes it an ideal source for short exposure high magnification micrography, and for shadowgraph and schlieren work. In addition, the monochromatism of the beam makes the maser light source exceptionally useful in interferometry. Pictures have been taken to demonstrate some of the capabilities of maser light sources. Part VII: Image Converter Tube Photography — New Lenticular Plates have been made for use with image converter tubes In certain cases these can give brighter dissected pictures than were previously possible. Fiber optics windows are described. With a fiber optics window one can transmit a large fraction of the light from a fluorescent screen to a photographic emulsion. Typically 10 to 100 times more light can reach the photographic emulsion than when a lens and film are used. Fiber optics windows can be useful in x-ray recording, in electron microscopes, in cathode-ray tubes, and particularly in image converter tubes. They would allow photography at lower light levels, or at shorter exposure times. Probably the most important feature is that an image converter tube with a fiber optics window can act as an image intensifier. Tubes with fiber optics windows at both ends can be assembled in cascade to achieve any desired intensification. A grill shutter is suggested. It would seem to allow one to make a simple electronic shutter that could operate in the millimicrosecond region, or possibly at even shorter times, without undue light loss. Two image converter tube focal plane shutters are suggested. These are the image tube analogues of rotating mirror focal plane shutters. A new image intensifier is suggested which makes use of a single-stage image converter tube. By the use of fiber optics, the image after one pass through the tube is fed again to a part of the cathode, and a second stage of intensification follows. The process could be repeated to achieve any desired intensification.",
    "abstract$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J18109.xml) · Cross-merged from same-article DOI twin 10.5594-J18109",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-06-17T22:53:45.290Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "articleType": "orig-research",
    "articleType$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "authors": [
      "J. S. Courtney-Pratt"
    ],
    "authors$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "copyright": {
      "holder": "Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.",
      "holder$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
      },
      "year": "1962",
      "year$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
      }
    },
    "copyright$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "docId": "10.5594-J18109XY",
    "docId$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Derived from DOI 10.5594/J18109XY",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "docLabel": "Journal of the SMPTE ( Volume: 71, Issue: 1A, 1962)",
    "docLabel$meta": {
      "confidence": "medium",
      "note": "Composed from journal title, volume, issue and date",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "docTitle": "Paper E–1: Some Unconventional Methods of High-Speed Photography",
    "docTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "docType": "Journal Article",
    "docType$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "journal_metadata XML — SMPTE journal paper",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "doi": "10.5594/J18109XY",
    "doi$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "href": "https://doi.org/10.5594/J18109XY",
    "href$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Constructed from DOI 10.5594/J18109XY",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "issn": {
      "print": "0361-4573",
      "print$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
      }
    },
    "issn$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "journalAcronym": "MIJR",
    "journalAcronym$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "number": "1A",
    "number$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "pages": "197–226",
    "pages$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "publicationDate": "1962-01-01",
    "publicationDate$meta": {
      "confidence": "low",
      "note": "Month/day absent in source — padded to 01-01",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "publisher": "SMPTE",
    "publisher$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Normalised to registry \"SMPTE\" convention from publisher-name (SMPTE)",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "publisherLocation": {
      "city": "White Plains, NY",
      "city$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
      },
      "country": "USA",
      "country$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
      }
    },
    "publisherLocation$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "status": {
      "active": true,
      "active$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Mapped from article_status=\"active\"",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
      }
    },
    "volume": "71",
    "volume$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/10012015 BACKFILE JOURNAL REVISED/smptej_71_1A/MIJR15Vol71No1A.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T23:54:08.922Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
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}