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  "docId": "10.5594-J15986",
  "document": {
    "abbrevTitle": "SMPTE Mot. Imag. J",
    "abbrevTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15986.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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    "abstract": "The frame and field rates that have been used for television since the 1930s cause problems for motion portrayal, which are increasingly evident on the large, high-resolution television displays that are now common. This paper reports on a program of experimental work that successfully demonstrated the advantages of higher frame rate capture and display as a means of improving the quality of television systems of all spatial resolutions. Additional benefits were identified from the use of high frame-rate capture for the production of programs to be viewed using conventional televisions. Ways to mitigate some of the production and distribution issues that high frame-rate television implies are suggested.",
    "abstract$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15986.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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    "authors": [
      {
        "affiliation": "BBC R&D",
        "bio": "Mike Armstrong is a senior R&D engineer at BBC R&D currently working on accessible interfaces as part of the department's new audience experience team. He started working for BBC Radio in 1982 after gaining first class honors in electronic engineering and computer science from University College London. He later joined BBC local radio, working for several stations across England, before becoming the area engineer at Bristol where he installed and helped run the BBC's first ever fully digital, server-based radio playout system. Armstrong moved to BBC R&D in 1999 where he has worked on accessibility, surround sound, metadata systems, video coding, capacity planning and video quality. He is particularly interested in human perception and how it relates to issues like video quality, audio quality and usability.",
        "name": "M. G. Armstrong"
      },
      {
        "affiliation": "Computer systems engineering from the University of Warwick, England",
        "bio": "David Flynn received a B.Eng degree in computer systems engineering from the University of Warwick, England, in 2005. Joining BBC Research and Development in 2005, he has been involved in activities related to video compression, including the royalty free Dirac/VC-2 video codec. Flynn is a member of the Institute of Engineering and Technology.",
        "name": "D. J. Flynn"
      },
      {
        "affiliation": "BBC's Research & Development department in Surrey, U.K.",
        "bio": "Matt Hammond is a research engineer at the BBC's Research & Development department in Surrey, U.K. He has worked in a range of technology areas, including broadcast and internet-based metadata delivery, augmented and virtual reality and image processing. More recently, he has developed prototypes that blend internet and broadcast delivered content and conducted trials to develop understanding of multi-user mobile social gaming and applications. Before joining the BBC, he studied computer systems and software engineering at the University of York.",
        "name": "M. E. Hammond"
      },
      {
        "affiliation": "Imperial College London",
        "bio": "Dr. Stephen Jolly trained as a high energy physicist at Imperial College London, and CERN in Switzerland. He has worked at BBC R&D since 2004 on a wide range of projects, including tapeless production, Digital Radio Mondiale, delivery of TV-Anytime metadata via DVB, accessible remote control technologies, and future video standards for television, including research into higher frame rates, panoramic aspect ratios, higher spatial resolutions, and enhancing the perception of depth using stereoscopy.",
        "name": "S. J. E. Jolly"
      },
      {
        "affiliation": "BBC Research & Development.",
        "bio": "Richard Salmon is a senior research engineer at BBC Research & Development. He has particular interests in displays, colorimetry, video compression, video watermarking, HDTV, visual perception and video systems engineering. He has also spent six months on attachment to NHK's Science & Technical Research Laboratories in Japan, working on plasma display technology. Recently, he has pioneered work on high-frame-rate video, leading to well received demonstrations and technical papers at the International Broadcasting Convention in Amsterdam, the Hollywood Post Alliance Technology Retreat and at the EBU in Geneva. Salmon is chairman of the EBU project group P/Display, which has specified the broadcasters' requirements for the use of flat panel displays in TV production environments, and guidance to consumer display manufacturers on how the broadcasters expect the TV display to present the delivered TV images. He is a member of the Society for Information Display, the SMPTE and the IET.",
        "name": "R. A. Salmon"
      }
    ],
    "authors$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Object form (schema 2.3.0) migrated from string form via migrateAuthorsToObjectForm.js; bio/affiliation backfilled from _source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ NLM <contrib-group>+<aff>+<bio>",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-06-23T00:04:25.562Z",
      "version": "authors-migrate-object-form@v1"
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    "contentType": "orig-research",
    "contentType$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Cross-filled from SMPTE canonical repository import (smpte-canonical-audit/canonicalLibrary.*.json); previous value was a placeholder",
      "originalValue": "other",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-07-07T23:39:31.295Z",
      "version": "smpte-canonical-repo@v1"
    },
    "copyright": {
      "holder": "Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.",
      "holder$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15986.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
      },
      "year": "2009",
      "year$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15986.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
      }
    },
    "copyright$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15986.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "docId": "10.5594-J15986",
    "docId$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Derived from DOI 10.5594/J15986",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "docLabel": "SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 118, Issue: 7, October 2009)",
    "docLabel$meta": {
      "confidence": "medium",
      "note": "Composed from venue title, volume/issue and date",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "docTitle": "High Frame-Rate Television",
    "docTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15986.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "docType": "Journal Article",
    "docType$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "NLM <article> — SMPTE journal paper",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "doi": "10.5594/J15986",
    "doi$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15986.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "href": "https://doi.org/10.5594/J15986",
    "href$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Constructed from DOI 10.5594/J15986",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "issn": {
      "electronic": "2160-2492",
      "electronic$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15986.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
      },
      "print": "1545-0279",
      "print$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15986.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
      }
    },
    "issn$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15986.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "journalAcronym": "MIJR",
    "journalAcronym$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/08202015 BACKFILE JOURNAL FRESH/smptej_118_7/MIJR15Vol118No7.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-06-17T00:17:09.425Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "journalTitle": "SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal",
    "journalTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Era-accurate journal title from SMPTE canonical repository (periodical parent at time of publication) (smpte-canonical-audit/canonicalLibrary.*.json)",
      "originalValue": null,
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-07-08T00:35:38.133Z",
      "version": "smpte-canonical-repo@v1"
    },
    "number": "7",
    "number$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15986.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "pages": "54–59",
    "pages$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15986.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "publicationDate": "2009-10-01",
    "publicationDate$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Day absent in NLM source — padded to 01",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "publisher": "SMPTE",
    "publisher$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Normalised to registry \"SMPTE\" convention from NLM publisher-name (The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers)",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "publisherLocation": {
      "city": "White Plains, NY",
      "city$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15986.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
      },
      "country": "USA",
      "country$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/08202015 BACKFILE JOURNAL FRESH/smptej_118_7/MIJR15Vol118No7.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-06-17T00:17:09.425Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
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    "publisherLocation$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15986.xml)",
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      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
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        "orphan/10.5594-J15986/bibr2-10.5594_J15986",
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        "orphan/10.5594-J15986/bibr5-10.5594_J15986",
        "orphan/10.5594-J15986/bibr6-10.5594_J15986",
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        "orphan/10.5594-J15986/bibr10-10.5594_J15986",
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        "confidence": "medium",
        "note": "Extracted from NLM <ref-list> via extractSmpteJournalRefs.js (orphan-slug-mint)",
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    "resolvedHref": "https://journal.smpte.org/periodicals/SMPTE%20Motion%20Imaging%20Journal/118/7/20/",
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      "confidence": "high",
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      "source": "resolved",
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      "active$meta": {
        "confidence": "medium",
        "note": "No explicit status in NLM source — journal papers default active",
        "source": "inferred",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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    "volume": "118",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15986.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T21:44:19.125Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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