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  "docId": "10.5594-J15119",
  "document": {
    "abbrevTitle": "SMPTE Mot. Imag. J",
    "abbrevTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15119.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "abstract": "A 22.2 multichannel sound system was developed for an ultrahigh-definition TV (UHDTV) system. It consists of three layers of loudspeakers: an upper layer with nine channels, a middle layer with ten channels, and a lower layer with three channels and two channels for low-frequency effects (LFE). Subjective evaluations were performed comparing the impression of various spatial attributes using UHDTV contents with pictures in a large room. These evaluations demonstrate that viewers have better impressions of various spatial attributes in a wider listening area with the 22.2 multichannel sound system than with other sound systems. This paper describes the 22.2 multichannel system for UHDTV, and discusses the advantages of 22.2 multichannel sound. It also describes the sound recordings and productions by the 22.2 multichannel sound system.",
    "abstract$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15119.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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    "authors": [
      {
        "bio": "Kimio Hamasaki received an M.S. degree in acoustic design from the Kyushu Institute of Design in 1982, and began a successful recording career at the Japan Broadcasting Corp. (NHK), where he made numerous music recordings for broadcasting, CDs, and video releases since 1982. For his work, he received several prestigious awards including the Prix Italia Perugia Award and the CATs Audio Award. In addition to audio engineering, he was involved in the development of multichannel audio recording techniques, as well as digital mixing systems. Since 2000, he has been a senior research engineer at the NHK Science & Technical Research Laboratories, where he works on advanced multichannel audio systems for reproducing immersive presence and high-resolution audio. Hamasaki is a Fellow of the Audio Engineering Society (AES), and a member of SMPTE, the Acoustical Society of Japan (ASJ) and the Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers (ITE).",
        "name": "Kimio Hamasaki"
      },
      {
        "bio": "Toshiyuki Nishiguchi received an M.E. degree from the University of Electro-Communications and joined NHK in 1996. Since 2001, he has been researching high-resolution audio and multichannel audio at NHK Science and Technical Research Laboratories. He is a member of AES, ASJ, and ITE.",
        "name": "Toshiyuki Nishiguchi"
      },
      {
        "bio": "Reiko Okumura has worked as an audio engineer in audio and TV drama at NHK since 1995. Since 2003, she has been a research engineer at NHK Science and Technical Research Laboratories. She is a member of AES.",
        "name": "Reiko Okumura"
      },
      {
        "bio": "Yasushige Nakayama received B.E. and M.E. degrees from Iwate University in 1992 and 1994, respectively. He then joined NHK and has worked in the Science and Technical Research Laboratories since 1996. Yasushige has done research in distance control of sound image, audio coding system, 3-D virtual reality audio, 22.2 multichannel sound system for UHDTV, and audio transmitting for live performance.",
        "name": "Yasushige Nakayama"
      },
      {
        "bio": "Akio Ando received B.S. and M.S. degrees from Kyushu Institute of Design in 1978 and 1980, respectively. He also received a Dr. Eng. degree from Toyohashi University of Technology in 2001. In 1980, he joined NHK and has been working in the NHK Science and Technical Research Laboratories since August 1983. He was in charge of developing simultaneous subtitling systems for live broadcast TV programs using speech recognition, with which NHK started simultaneous subtitled broadcasting for daily news programs on March 2000, and sports and variety programs on December 2001. Ando is currently the leader of the Acoustics and Audio Engineering Group of Human Science Division at the Laboratories. His research interests include signal processing, spatial audio reproduction, and electroacoustical transducers. Ando is a member of the Institute of the Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers (IEICE), AES, ASJ, and ITE.",
        "name": "Akio Ando"
      }
    ],
    "authors$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Object form (schema 2.3.0) migrated from string form via migrateAuthorsToObjectForm.js; bio/affiliation backfilled from _source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/ NLM <contrib-group>+<aff>+<bio>",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-06-23T00:04:25.562Z",
      "version": "authors-migrate-object-form@v1"
    },
    "contentType": "orig-research",
    "contentType$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Cross-filled from SMPTE canonical repository import (smpte-canonical-audit/canonicalLibrary.*.json); previous value was a placeholder",
      "originalValue": "other",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-07-07T23:39:31.295Z",
      "version": "smpte-canonical-repo@v1"
    },
    "copyright": {
      "holder": "Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers, Inc.",
      "holder$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15119.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
      },
      "year": "2008",
      "year$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15119.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
      }
    },
    "copyright$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15119.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "docId": "10.5594-J15119",
    "docId$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Derived from DOI 10.5594/J15119",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "docLabel": "SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal ( Volume: 117, Issue: 3, April 2008)",
    "docLabel$meta": {
      "confidence": "medium",
      "note": "Composed from venue title, volume/issue and date",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "docTitle": "A 22.2 Multichannel Sound System for Ultrahigh-Definition TV (UHDTV)",
    "docTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15119.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "docType": "Journal Article",
    "docType$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "NLM <article> — SMPTE journal paper",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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    "doi": "10.5594/J15119",
    "doi$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15119.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "href": "https://doi.org/10.5594/J15119",
    "href$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Constructed from DOI 10.5594/J15119",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "issn": {
      "electronic": "2160-2492",
      "electronic$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15119.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
      },
      "print": "1545-0279",
      "print$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15119.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
      }
    },
    "issn$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15119.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "journalAcronym": "MIJR",
    "journalAcronym$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/08202015 BACKFILE JOURNAL FRESH/smptej_117_3/MIJR15Vol117No3.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-06-17T00:17:09.425Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
    },
    "journalTitle": "SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal",
    "journalTitle$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Era-accurate journal title from SMPTE canonical repository (periodical parent at time of publication) (smpte-canonical-audit/canonicalLibrary.*.json)",
      "originalValue": null,
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-07-08T00:35:38.133Z",
      "version": "smpte-canonical-repo@v1"
    },
    "number": "3",
    "number$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15119.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "pages": "40–49",
    "pages$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15119.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "publicationDate": "2008-04-01",
    "publicationDate$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Day absent in NLM source — padded to 01",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "publisher": "SMPTE",
    "publisher$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Normalised to registry \"SMPTE\" convention from NLM publisher-name (The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers)",
      "source": "inferred",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
      "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
    },
    "publisherLocation": {
      "city": "White Plains, NY",
      "city$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15119.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
      },
      "country": "USA",
      "country$meta": {
        "confidence": "high",
        "note": "Parsed from journal_metadata XML (_source/SMPTE/APTARA/DL Project Files/08202015 BACKFILE JOURNAL FRESH/smptej_117_3/MIJR15Vol117No3.xml)",
        "source": "parsed",
        "updated": "2026-06-17T00:17:09.425Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-issue-xml@v1"
      }
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    "publisherLocation$meta": {
      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15119.xml)",
      "source": "parsed",
      "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
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        "orphan/10.5594-J15119/bibr2-10.5594_J15119",
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        "orphan/10.5594-J15119/bibr13-10.5594_J15119",
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    "resolvedHref": "https://journal.smpte.org/periodicals/SMPTE%20Motion%20Imaging%20Journal/117/3/17/",
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      "confidence": "high",
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      "active$meta": {
        "confidence": "medium",
        "note": "No explicit status in NLM source — journal papers default active",
        "source": "inferred",
        "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
        "version": "smpte-journal-article-nlm@v1"
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    "volume": "117",
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      "confidence": "high",
      "note": "Parsed from NLM article XML (_source/SMPTE/HIGHWIRE/Source Bak/smptej/10.5594_J15119.xml)",
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      "updated": "2026-05-22T20:40:11.684Z",
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